Sanchez and Levine Summary

In making the distinction between competency modeling (CM) and traditional Job analysis (TAXI the authors articulate that the latter encores itself with describing and measuring day-to-day operations of specific roles In an organization while the former relates to desired behavioral competencies that transcend various roles and In doing so contribute to an overarching organizational strategy. The authors compare CM and TAX along six dimensions: purpose, view of the job, focus, time orientation, performance level and measurement approach.While all dimensions are equally important in making a clear distinction between the two concepts, for the purpose of this summary I will be focusing on what is in my opinion he three most relevant distinctions between the two HRS methodologies namely, focus, time orientation and performance level. The authors argue that TAX focuses solely on the job and in doing so fails to recognize that job behavior could be influenced by factors other than formal responsibilities.CM on the other hand, builds itself around notions of 'employer brand' and 'employee value proposition' that include behavioral themes and unique performance characteristics that derive directly from the organizational identity itself. The focus of CM Is particularly important because it has significant practical implications when communicating management expectations to employees.An employer brand should identify with a business strategy and communicating strategic competencies as a component of management expectations is more likely to encourage on-brand behavior in the delivery of products and services to customers, regardless of the employee's Job title. For example, the inclusion of ‘Discretionary Effort' among Feeder's competencies encourages Its employees to go above and beyond their day-to-day Job responsibilities and provide creative solutions to customers' demands, which Is consistent with an overarching business strategy of exceeding customer expect ations.Furthermore, since competencies communicate universal behavioral themes that the organization wishes to see across all Jobs, employees seeking career advancement are able to identify with these themes and perform their duties that not only benefit themselves but the organization as well. Most organizations do not engage their employees In a manner that encourages them to demonstrate such on-brand behavior.However It seems quite clear, that accompanying specific job duties with these behavioral themes and rewarding employees for demonstrating such behaviors in the workplace could have a significant impact on a firm's reputation and overall consistency in the manner employees perform their duties. Secondly, the authors argue that TAX Is rooted In the past because It concerns itself with describing a Job by relying on those who have performed the Job till date.In contrast CM NAS a Touch on ten Torture, Decease It communicates now a Joy snouts be interpreted and performed from no w on regardless of past behavior. TAX takes a bottom-up approach relying on information obtained from employees performing the job, while CM takes a top-down approach by communicating generic behavioral themes identified by leaders who are also responsible for strategic planning.Furthermore, the authors interject that TAX outlines day-to-day operational capabilities that have facilitated the survival of the organization till date, while CM concerns itself with change-oriented competencies that encourage employees to demonstrate certain behavioral characteristics that may facilitate growth and hang. In essence, CM allows employees to better understand how their specific Job assignments contribute to the organization's strategic initiatives and when provided with the right incentives, employees are more likely to change their behaviors that align with these strategies going in to the future.Providing employees with a sense of purpose and direction that facilitates the firm's future gr owth is more likely to encourage behaviors that go above and beyond an employee's basic duties in serving the customers which may in turn serve the organization as well. Last but not the least, the distinct performance level addressed by TAX and CM is of particular significance because it allows us to understand what will bring out the best from employees in an organization.While TAX addresses the typical' requirements needed to perform the work assignments, CM focuses on ‘maximal' performance by encouraging a series of loosely coupled behavioral themes that go beyond the operational efficiency of basic aspects of a Job. This distinction is significant because if managers wish to encourage employees to perform at a level hat goes beyond the typical day-to-day responsibilities, they must excel at implicitly communicating these behavioral themes to others in the organization.These themes tend to be generic so they transcend across all Job titles within the organization and bear on the interpersonal aspects of the manner in which the Job ought to be performed. Therefore, as mentioned earlier, those seeking career advancement have a clear idea of what sort of behavior will result in favorable outcomes and that optimizing day-to-day operations alone will not serve them or the organization in the long run.

How do generic conventions inform your understanding of Macbeth? Essay

The tragedy of Macbeth is his â€Å"Vaulting ambition, which o’erleaps itself and fallson th’other.† In this famous play, William Shakespeare positions the audience to feel pity towards the protagonist involved, and potentially the protagonist is the tragic hero. But in the play, Macbeth, how does he do this? Shakespeare positions us to feel pity for Macbeth, the protagonist, by using generic, dramatic and theatrical conventions such as soliloquies, hamartia and symbolism. My understanding of the play Macbeth, is shaped by Shakespeare’s use of generic conventions to represent the characters inner turmoil and through this, their tragic flaws. Specifically, soliloquies are used to reveal Macbeth and Lady Macbeth’s inner turmoil as they lose their sanity for power. The first soliloquy in Macbeth is said by Lady Macbeth which reveals her inner turmoil about the letter she receives from Macbeth, as she worries that he may not be strong enough to kill Duncan, and through this her tragic flaw is revealed . As the witches prediction about Macbeth to become â€Å"Thane of Glamis and Cawdor† comes true, she is lured into the trap of believing that he will become king however worries that he is too much of a coward to make it happen. Act 1 Scene 5, line 6, â€Å"Yet do thy nature; It is too full o’ milk of human nature†. It’s evident that through the term â€Å"o’milk of human nature† symbolises the milk of a human and the only kind of human that produces milk is a female. Milk only comes from the female when she is a mother and mothers are traditionally nurturing and kind. So Lady Macbeth is saying that Macbeth is quite feminine in the way of his kindness. Furthermore, Lady Macbeth thinks Macbeth doesn’t have the ruthless nature like she does to strike aggressively at a first opportunity to have power and even though he wants power, his â€Å"nature† is too kind to be king in the evil way that she plans to do it. When receiving news that the king is going to stay at the Macbeth castle, she feels she must be the one to kill Duncan in order for Macbeth to become king and her to be queen, however in the soliloquy after she received the news, she talks to the â€Å"spirits† about how willing she is to do the deed to get the power and seize the throne. Although at the same time, it touches on the theme of masculinity, â€Å"tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here,† Act 1 Scene 5, line 31. â€Å"Come to my woman’s breasts, And take my milk for gall,† Act 1 Scene 5, line 38. Both quotes suggest the different sex, â€Å"unsex me here†, by changing sex Lady Macbeth feels she would be more masculine, than she is now, as a man. With the second quote mentioning â€Å"milk†, this suggests womanhood, represented by milk and breasts, symbolising nurture and compassion and she says she has this as well as her ruthlessness but wants to be more cruel, â€Å"of direct cruelty! Make thick my blood† Act 1 Scene 5, line 33. When all of her plans and inner turmoil is revealed to us, her hamartia suddenly becomes clearer – her flaw is that she is extremely power hungry and will do anything to feed it, however this results in her downfall as she turns insane from her guilty conscience of manipulating Macbeth, simply because she is too cowardice to do her own business. Macbeth’s first soliloquy in the play portrays him to be his sane self, making the agonizing decision of whether he should go through with the evil deed of assassinating King Duncan. In his decision he puts into account King Duncan’s qualities, â€Å"this Duncan, hath borne his faculties so meek,† Act 1 Scene 7, line 16, and his loyalty and faith towards the king, â€Å"He is here in bought trust†¦as I am his kinsman†¦then as his host, who should against his murderer shut the door, not bear the knife himself† Act 1 Scene 7, line 12, which represents the kind nature of Macbeth, not wanting to go through with seizing the throne by murdering Duncan because he likes Duncan as he is a strong and humble leader. He also describes that his death would be showered with, â€Å"angels, trumpet-tongued,† Act 1 Scene 7. Angels are a representation of heaven and heaven is symbolised as good which means Duncan will go to heaven if he dies because of his goodness. This reminds us how severe and alarming it is to kill a human being just for power and Macbeth realises this also, this is seen through the use of language, â€Å"Bloody instructions† and â€Å"our poisoned chalice† and â€Å"deep damnation† and through this, an image of darkness is made which makes it clear to us that Macbeth knows what he could do is wrong and if he does it he will be forever in a world of sin. At the same time, the one only reason Macbeth wants to proceed in the deed is his ambition to become powerful, â€Å"but only vaulting ambition, which o’erleaps itself and fallson th’other.† Act 1 Scene 7, line 27. The only thing motivating him is his ambition, however Macbeth knows ambition could lead him on towards disaster, (coincidentally it did) therefore decides not to go along with his wife’s plans. Although after his soliloquy when he admits to Lady Macbeth he doesn’t want to carry on with the plan, Lady Macbeth threatens Macbeth that he will no longer be a man in her eyes but a coward and that she might never love him again if he doesn’t kill Duncan. This affects Macbeth’s inner turmoil because as a man, he like to show his bravery and have courage and by going against his wife could damage his masculinity and so carries on with the play. My understanding of Macbeth’s tragic flaw, as evidenced in this soliloquy, is that he doesn’t want to damage his pride, his masculinity or his ambition and this, then, leads to his downfall. The next soliloquy used by Macbeth reveals to the audience that the pressure of killing the king is finally taking a turn on his mind. In his speech, Macbeth makes accusations of seeing a dagger, identical to his, in front of him however he becomes confused when he can’t decide what is happening. At first, when the dagger appears he believes it to be a â€Å"false creation† which is a hallucination, as he has already tried to grab it but failed, caused by a â€Å"Heat- oppressà ¨d brain†, in other words, he’s ill. Then just after saying this, he believes that it’s something different, â€Å"Thou marshall’st me the way that I was going,† Act 2 Scene 1. The meaning for this quote is that the dagger is pointing him in the direction that he is going and this symbolises and proves that his decision to kill the king is already set in motion. The direction of the dagger may have been just his mind but could have been witchcraft also†¦ 3â€Å"Witchcraft celebrates, Pale Hecate’s offerings,† Since Macbeth already believes the witches, there is no other reasons not to disagree with them. Macbeth’s tragic flaw of his self-pride of masculinity, ambition and lust for power ends up in his downfall of insanity from confusion and stress and later on in the play he metaphorically â€Å"plummets to his death† as he loses control of his paranoia. Shakespeare positions the audience, with monologues like this, to see that Macbeth is stressed, scared and confused about the act he is about to commit, this slowly leads him to lose his sanity just so he can please his wife, achieve his goal of ambition and protect his pride and masculinity. My understanding of Macbeth is greatly shaped by generic conventions such a soliloquies. Throughout the play soliloquies were used to explain the main character’s inner turmoil. Macbeth appeared to be a power greed murder that stopped at nothing to be the king of Scotland. However through soliloquies, it was clear to me that this was his hamartia and his tragic flaw, which made him this way, was that he was ambitious, proud of his masculinity and courage. So when Lady Macbeth threatens him and names him a coward for not killing Duncan, he want does it to protect his pride. This makes us pity him as he had no choice and becomes insane from the paranoia and guilty conscience. In my opinion, I think Shakespeare had a message of purpose of Macbeth and that was to show the audience that ambition and desire is destructive and no matter how much a person wants power, they should never let it overcome them.

Video Games And Its Effects On Children - 1519 Words

Video games in the 21st century have transformed from friendly competing into guns, explosions, and major violence. Video games are getting away with more violence every year and the games are becoming more extreme. The consistence and severity of violence is at an all-time high leading the most popular games in the gaming community to have a ‘mature’ rating due to the considerable amount of violence involved. For example, one of the highest selling video games of all time grossing one billion its first weekend, Grand Theft Auto 5, contains gang violence, nudity, and obscene language (Thier 2014). Although the extreme violence is rated accordingly for certain ages, parents often purchase these games for their kids not knowing what is†¦show more content†¦Violence in games may not affect adolescents with no previously displayed health problems, but it is possible it heightens the likelihood in violence with children who have a clinical diagnosis such as depressio n. Young children and teens who have been playing video games on a regular basis may begin to have a hostile view of the world which in turn may have varying consequences, but children who are depressed may be at a higher risk. With a consideration of the benefits of video games in mind, there is still overwhelming research stating that there is a correlation between video games and aggression. When adolescents are playing video games multiple hours during the day, depending on the video game, there are often high amounts of crime, violence, guns, explosions, and other extremely graphic material. Graphic imaging is getting better as technology gets better which makes the images in video games seem much more realistic. Virtual reality headsets are the new thing in the gaming community and they allow gamers to be immersed in the virtual world of video games. Video games require and encourage active participation while playing, there is a lot of involvement from the player which is som ething that may be exposing them further to certain actions. The large amounts of exposure and the reality ofShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Video Games On Children Essay1279 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Video games have always been a controversial type of entertainment, that may come from how relatively new video games are compared to other mediums of entertainment[1]. Maybe because of that when a violent crime occurs and the culprit has played a lot of games the media is quick to point at violent games as the reason for the crime, but is that true or are the media just biased or looking for quick views, this report aims to answer that question. Do games affect our way of thinkingRead MoreEffects Of Video Games On Children Essay1357 Words   |  6 PagesScreening to a halt: Are parents in New Zealand able to identify signs of dependency or addiction in their children due to over use of screen-time from the recreational use of video games? Digital technology and the vast amount of video games have increased the amount of screen time consumption in contemporary New Zealand society. The saturation of smart phones, ipad’s, tablets, computers, game consoles and the Internet are devices with the means of connection to gaming. Many New Zealand families integrateRead MoreThe Effects of Video Games on Children1288 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of Video Games on Children Technology today has progressed rapidly from generation to generation. Children and young adults are both into video games and the latest gadgets out there. Video games have been available to customers for the last 30 years. They are a unique way to entertain individuals because they encourage players to become a part of the games script. Victor Strasburger an author of â€Å"Children, Adolescents, and the media† stated â€Å"The rising popularity of video games hasRead MoreThe Effects of Video and Video Games on Children2043 Words   |  8 Pagesaction, usually in a cartoon, movie, or video game. For many of us, Disney is where we refer back to early forms of animation with the idea of using thousands of consecutive drawings; through Disney, we can now see how far this idea of breathing life into static objects has advanced. Today, animation is becoming more and more realistic. With highly advanced technology and computer programs, it has become easier for simple cartoons to develop into what children see as real life. These animated cartoonsRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Children1548 Words   |  7 PagesVideo Games Introduction Today video games are a staple in most households. It is pretty amazing to know that the first creation of games date all the way back to the 1900s. They were not originally invented to make a profit, but to give patients something to do while waiting in the lobby of an office. One inventor had a simple idea of using the monitor not just as a television set, but as a way to play games. College students were just playing around with equipment and happened upon something greatRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effects On Children927 Words   |  4 PagesVideo games are a more interesting form of entertainment for the simple reason that players may become part of the game’s plot. Video games were invented for many years now. However, the current variety of games raised concerns about how they affect the children s behavior due to the fact that the games are becoming more sophisticated. Children spend most of their free time playing video games. Sometimes children refrain from completi ng important duties and dedicate all of their time playing videoRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effects On Children940 Words   |  4 Pageswas bored they went outside to play, they created new games, or they played with friends. But, for the past three decades, video games and other digital media have been persuading many adolescents and children to spend the majority of their time playing them. Video games seem to satisfy children’s natural need to interact socially, however more often than not, they lead to social isolation. Overexposure to digital media, such as video games is detrimental to the health and function of a child’sRead MoreThe Effects of Video Games on Children1656 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction For more than 30 years, video gaming has been a popular activity amongst many of America’s children. With over $63 billion (Reuters, reuters.com) worth sold each year, video games are here to stay. While much controversy has arisen over the subject, video games have benefited the United States of America and its citizens to a great degree. For example, the military and CIA use gaming to train soldiers (Davidson, www.ehow.com), and classrooms use video games to teach students. The potentialRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Children1034 Words   |  5 PagesThe world of today has developed in a way that even children are affected by technology. They enjoy video games in their leisure time and even prefer them to studying that, in its turn, can contribute to their poor performance in the class. These days, video games have become an issue that has brought concern to many people from parents to scholars about their potential effect on the future of children through influenci ng their conduct. They feel that the violent behavior or any other negative consequenceRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Children Essay1736 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Video Games We see it everywhere we go, video games. Kids and adults are being captivated over the new video games that are coming out. Call of Duty, Battlefield,Uncharted; these are the games that people are enjoying and becoming fascinated with. What do all of those things have in common? There is only one answer and that is violence. Fighting, shooting, killing, these are the things that video games bring to the table and stimulate people s minds. We should ask ourselves whether

A Passage Of India And The Relations Of Power - 10531 Words

Insurgency 1.1 A Passage to India and the Relations of Power http://www.booksstream.com/download.html?did=1477 http://alexandra.ahlamontada.com/ https://drive.google.com/folderview?id=0B1aTtQv_UQVmN1BHZ1NjNzhwNGsusp=sharing https://muslimhands.org.uk/donate/orphans/227133-nada-abdeen?p=10 --------------------------------- http://universitypublishingonline.org/cambridge/companions/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9781139001359 the Cambridge companion to E.M.Forster ------------------------------------------------ http://www.ninavaheducation.com/ Mosul University the new site ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ https://archive.org/stream/ost-english-apassagetoindia/APassageToIndia_djvu.txt The complete text of the novel. ‘Since freedom is our natural state, we are not only in possession of it but have the urge to defend it’ Étienne De La Boà ©tie Take up the White Man s burden– Ye dare not stoop to less– Nor call too loud on Freedom To cloke your weariness; By all ye cry or whisper,Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Forster s The White Man s Burden 852 Words   |  4 Pages 2. 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How do poets from the pre 1914 poetry present their ideas...

How do poets from the pre 1914 poetry present their ideas about love and relationships? The poems I have chosen to write about are ‘They flee from me’ by Sir Thomas Wyatt (1503-1542), ‘The unequal fetters’ by Anne finch (1661-1720) and ‘To his coy mistress’ by Andrew Marvell (1621-1678). I chose these poems because I found them attention-grabbing and remarkable as they all are based around the same topic of love and pretence. Also I liked these poems because of the fact that they have a message that is still true even in today’s world. Wyatt wrote this poem as an epigram of what court life would be like and what would come along with it. ‘They flee from me’ is a poem of love and what Thomas Wyatt’s attitudes are of love and†¦show more content†¦Wyatt’s use of this language is significant for the reason that all the words a written as if they have their own special meaning and have a relation to the poem which helps explain the message within the poem. In the first verse women are considered to be ‘gentle’, ‘tame’ and ‘meek’. This is all of what Wyatt’s first impressions of women were when he would encounter them at the beginning. However, Wyatt’s first impressions on women would change not long after due to them moving on to the next man that caught their eye, as if they were ‘wild’ and ‘do not remember’ Wyatt and the times they had. He also says that the women were able ‘To take bread at my hand’ but ‘now they range’. This is the part when women were referred to being animal-like. At the beginning of the poem, ‘I have seen them gentle, tame, and meek’, ‘To take bread at my hand; and now they range’. This is all to do with animals being ‘tame’ and ‘gentle’ to start off with, but eventually they ‘range’ and move on as if moving to the next prolific land to graze. In verse two Wyatt talks of a woman in particular he met before. He talks of a memory of a pleasant time he had with a special woman. He saysShow MoreRelated Pre-1914 Century Poetry Coursework Essay1672 Words   |  7 PagesPre-1914 Century Poetry Coursework In this piece of coursework I will be comparing love songs from six different poems by different authors. I will do ‘First Love’ by John Clare, ‘How Do I Love Thee?’ by Elizabeth Barret Browning, ‘A Birthday’ and ‘Remember’ both by Christina Rossetti, ‘When We Two Parted’ by Lord Byron and ‘Villegiature’ by Edith Nesbit. All these poems that I am going to be comparing are all written before the 20th century, in the early 1700’s and 1800’s era. Love isRead MorePortrayal of War in the Pre 1900 Poetry Essay3056 Words   |  13 PagesPortrayal of War in the Pre 1900 Poetry Before 1900, war was always seen as a glorious thing. People truly believed in the words of the ancient writer Horace, Dulce et decorum est, pro patria mori. This phrase can be translated, as It is a lovely and honourable thing; to die for ones country. Pre 1900 war poetry was strongly patriotic and glossed over the grim reality of death, preferring instead to display the heroic aspects of fighting. If death was mentionedRead MoreDaffodils by William Wordsworth and Miracle on St. Davids Day by Gillian Clarke2054 Words   |  9 PagesDaffodils by William Wordsworth and Miracle on St. Davids Day by Gillian Clarke Each of the Wordsworth and Clarke poems show how the poets have been inspired to write about daffodils. In Miracle on St. Davids Day, Gillian Clarke actually refers to Wordsworths poem within her own. The poems however differ in structure and their responses to the daffodils are different. All of the poems use personification but the poems are written in contrasting style. WilliamRead MoreThe Disenchanted Research Paper3448 Words   |  14 PagesResearch paper: The Disenchanted F. 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Its fourteen lines break into an octet and a sestet, differing from the convention of the EnglishRead MoreCompare How the Theme of Love Is Presented in a Selection of Pre-1914 Poetry7665 Words   |  31 PagesCompare how the theme of love is presented in a selection of pre-1914 poetry The theme of love is a universal, timeless issue that has always been discussed and forever will be. People are searching for the true meaning of love and how it is different from person to person and from race to race. Everyone is amazed by how love can make people experience so many emotions and how love can bring sadness and happiness and confusion. ‘La Belle Dame Sans Merci’ By John Keats and ‘Porphyria’s Lover’Read MoreComparison Between Remember And Sonnet1959 Words   |  8 Pagescommonly referred to as How do I love thee obviously the piece is written in sonnet form and â€Å"Remember† by Christina Rossetti is also written in sonnet form. A sonnet is a fourteen line poem written in iambic pentameter. Within both of these poems there are many literary devices used to convey the different messages they are trying to get across and in some cases the same literary elements are used and in other instances they are greatly different. Imagery is a prime example of how an element is so prominentRead MoreHAMLET AND ORESTES10421 Words   |  42 Pages07 1 THE BRITISH ACADEMY THE ANNUAL SHAKESPEARE LECTURE 1914 Hamlet and Orestes A Study in Traditional Types By Gilbert Murray, LL.D., D.Litt. Regius Professor of Greek in the University of Oxford Fellow of the Academy New York Oxford University Press American Branch 35 West 32nd Street London : Humphrey Milford THE BRITISH ACADEMY THE ANNUAL SHAKESPEARE LECTURE 1914 Hamlet and Orestes A Study in Traditional Types By Gilbert MurrayRead MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words   |  102 PagesIn 1919, when Langston Hughes was seventeen years old, he spent the summer with his father, Jim Hughes, in Toluca, Mexico. 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Cloud Storage Service in Amazon Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Cloud Storage Service in Amazon. Answer: Introduction The cloud storage service is availed by different organizations for maintaining, managing, and backing their data. These data are made available to the organizations over a network by the service providers. There are various companies that provide this service to the organizations among which, Amazon Web Service is a popular one. The organizations mainly has to pay for per consumption monthly rate for availing this service that is lower than building infrastructure to support their data system. However, the security of the cloud storage is under continuous debate due to some of the issues that recently aroused in AWS. Some of the web service provided by AWS went down for four hours on September 2015, which caused the companies face a tremendous loss and data loss. Some of the websites that faced major loss are Netflix, Slack, Trello, Quora and Business Insider. The following of the report gives an overview of the causation of the issue. It will primarily focus on the ISO/IEC 27014, which is a certificate that provides information security. The companies utilizes it for monitoring, evaluating, and communicating with the information security within the organization. The later part of the report provides solution of required for avoiding such issues in future. Causation of the Issue The outage of September 2017 in AWS was caused due to a problem with Amazons DynamoDB metadata service for partitioning. The DynamoDBs communication ability with the metadata services was critically affected due to a network disruption. This type of situation usually occurs if a single partition is accessed frequently leaving the other partitions unattended. The issue with DynamoDB was soon resolved that created the actual issue. A number of storage servers simultaneously tried to load their metadata as soon as the DynamoDB was recovered. It created an overload in traffic that caused the metadata service responses to exceed the retrieval and transmission time allowed by storage servers, which caused storage servers to reject and further requests. It resulted into shutdown of the servers. However, the effect cataract through the AWS system and dragged down the other services that use DunamoDB for storing their internal tables. Several attempts of increasing the capacity of the metadat a to decrease the load failed. It was after six hours when the engineers were able to increase the capacity of metadata service significantly and bring back the storage servers to its full operational mode (dailymail.co.uk. 2017). Solution The disruption occurred can easily be resolved by following one of more procedures mentioned below. The first method was utilized by AWS for solving the issue occurred. It is temporary inclination of the amount of read or writes capacity for the partitions to overcome the short-term spikes or bursts. The organization needs to reduce the capacity after successfully reducing the work load (Niranjanamurthy et al. 2014). The second method is the process of implementing error retries and exponential back off. It usually provides longer gap between retires for consecutive error responses (Amazon Web Services 2017). Thirdly, the organizations should organize the read and write operations evenly across the table as much possible to avoid such breakdown (Dimovski 2013). Lastly, implementation of ElastiCache will come handy in the cases where the static data are accessed in a frequent basis. The well-designed cache can efficiently and quickly serve the query results (Stenberg 2016). ISO/IEC 27001 AWS received the certification in 2010 that has been developed with the purpose of protecting the organizations information assets (MP Azuwa, A., Ahmad, R., Sahib, S. and Shamsuddin 2012). This in turn helps the companies in developing countermeasures to IS-related vulnerabilities (Humphreys 2016). One can view this as an overall measure that combines risk management, security management, governance, and compliance. The function of ISO/IEC 27001 extends in ensuring the right people, process and technologies are in right place and provide a proactive approach in managing security and risk (Disterer 2013). The publication of this certification was a major event in the world of information security, which is a modification of BS 7799-2 (Sheikhpour and Modiri 2012; Anttila et al. 2012). Benefits This has a number of benefits that helps in resolving a number of issues that are commonly faced by IT companies. The ISO/IEC 27001 help the company producing a framework for the management of information security risk that further ensures the company taking into account for legal and regulatory requirements (Hoy and Foley 2015). It further involves in a continual improvement, engages the company to regularly review the effectiveness of the information securitymanagement system, and takes action to address the emerging security risks. It also makes the accessibility easy for the authorized users at the time of requirement (Susanto, Almunawar and Tuan 2012). Drawbacks However, ISO/IEC 27001 has several identifiable drawbacks. Firstly, the firms can set their own specification regarding the securitymanagement system (Kharchenko et al. 2012). It is up to the company to set its own high-jump bar and it has no clear regulation in controlling the matter. Secondly, the branding associated with certification does not identify the scope, which often misleads the customers in thinking the organization rather a specific part of the organization (Grkaynak, Yilmaz and Taskiran 2014). Lastly, it gives competitive advantage in business-to-business relationship and unlikely to influence business to customer relationship (Mesquida and Mas 2015). ISO/IEC 27014 ISO/IEC 27014 is an outcome of a joint effort of ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector and ISO/IEC JTC1 SC 27 with the aim of helping the organizations governs their information security arrangements (Techio and Misaghi 2015; Mahncke and Williams 2012). This is a guidance of concepts and principles for the governance of information security (Rebollo et al. 2015). The organizations can use this for evaluating, directing, monitoring and communicating the information security related activities in the organization (Kaster and Sen 2014; Campbell 2016). It further ensures the alignment of information security with strategies and objectives undertaken by the business. Achievement of visibility, agility, efficiency, effectiveness and compliance becomes easy using this standard (Huang, Farn and Lin 2012). This standard provides six principles to guide the organizations throughout their operation that can potentially defend the organization from both external and internal threat (? and Karamanlis 2016; Jung and Kim 2015). The principles are: Establish a wide information security. Help in formulating and adapting risk-based approach. Helps setting direction of investment decisions. It conforms internal and external requirements. Enhance the security by fostering a positive environment (Whitman and Mattord 2012). Reviews performance in relation to business outcomes (Rebollo, Mellado and Fernandez-Medina 2014). Organizations receive a number of benefits of using ISO/IEC 27014. Primarily, it helps in aligning information security with the strategy and goals of the organization. Secondly, it can increase the value delivered to the stakeholders and the board. The third benefit comes from the effective risk management to identify and reduce the possible forthcoming threats. Moreover, the standard helps the organization in raising all level awareness in the board. It enables the board members to a flexible approach to risk decision making, efficient an effective investment on information security and compliance with standards, regulations and agreements. Recommendation and Conclusion The company had increased the capacity of their metadata for solving the issue that occurred in the system. However, they could have prevented the situation from ever occurring by measuring the other necessary steps mentioned in the report. The third solution referred in the solution section can help AWS in taking precautions and prevent the breakdown from ever occurring. Moreover, the company follows the ISO/IEC 27001 that has several shortcomings in securing the information assets. This standard gives the organization a level of freedom in setting the high-jump bar that exposes the company and threatens the security of the system. The later published standard ISO/IEC 27014 is out of these errors and provides potential security to the data system. Hence, it can be concluded from the report that the issue occurred in case of AWS could have been avoided if they take necessary precaution narrated in the report. Moreover, the use of back dated standard resulted in this failure which nee ds modification. References Amazon Web Services, Inc. 2017.Resolve Issues with Throttled DynamoDB Tables. [online] Available at: https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/throttled-ddb/ [Accessed 28 Oct. 2017]. Anttila, J., Jussila, K., Kajava, J. and Kamaja, I., 2012, August. Integrating ISO/IEC 27001 and other managerial discipline standards with processes of management in organizations. InAvailability, Reliability and Security (ARES), 2012 Seventh International Conference on(pp. 425-436). IEEE. Campbell, T., 2016. Standards, Frameworks, Guidelines, and Legislation. InPractical Information Security Management(pp. 71-93). Apress. dailymail.co.uk. 2017.Amazon's cloud service partial outage affects certain websites. [online] Available at: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-4268850/Amazons-cloud-service-partial-outage-affects-certain-websites.html [Accessed 28 Oct. 2017]. Dimovski, D., 2013.Database management as a cloud-based service for small and medium organizations(Doctoral dissertation, Masarykova univerzita, Fakulta informatiky). Disterer, G., 2013. ISO/IEC 27000, 27001 and 27002 for information security management.Journal of Information Security,4(02), p.92. Grkaynak, G., Yilmaz, I. and Taskiran, N.P., 2014. Protecting the communication: Data protection and security measures under telecommunications regulations in the digital age.Computer law security review,30(2), pp.179-189. Hoy, Z. and Foley, A., 2015. A structured approach to integrating audits to create organisational efficiencies: ISO 9001 and ISO 27001 audits.Total Quality Management Business Excellence,26(5-6), pp.690-702. Huang, C.C., Farn, K.J. and Lin, F.Y.S., 2012. A study on ISMS policy: importing personal data protection of ISMS.Journal of Computers,23(1), pp.35-41. Humphreys, E., 2016.Implementing the ISO/IEC 27001: 2013 ISMS Standard. Artech House. Jung, J. and Kim, J., 2015, August. A Study on Developing Framework for Information Privacy Protection. InProceedings of the 17th In Kaster, P. and Sen, P.K., 2014, September. Power Grid cyber security: Challenges and impacts. InNorth American Power Symposium (NAPS), 2014(pp. 1-6). IEEE. Kharchenko, V.Y.A.C.H.E.S.L.A.V., Siora, A., Andrashov, A.N.T.O.N. and Kovalenko, A., 2012. Cyber security of FPGA-based NPP IC systems: Challenges and solutions. InProceeding of the 8th International Conference on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC HMIT 2012). San Diego, CA: NPIC HMIT. ?, . and Karamanlis, M., 2016.Information Security Management System toolkit(Master's thesis, ? ?). Mahncke, R. and Williams, P., 2012. Developing governance capability to improve information security resilience in healthcare. Mesquida, A.L. and Mas, A., 2015. Implementing information security best practices on software lifecycle processes: The ISO/IEC 15504 Security Extension.Computers Security,48, pp.19-34. MP Azuwa, A., Ahmad, R., Sahib, S. and Shamsuddin, S., 2012. Technical security metrics model in compliance with ISO/IEC 27001 standard.The Society of Digital Information and Wireless Communication. Niranjanamurthy, M., Archana, U.L., Niveditha, K.T., Abdul Jafar, S. and Shravan, N.S., 2014. The Research Study on DynamoDBNoSQL Database Service. Rebollo, O., Mellado, D. and Fernandez-Medina, E., 2014. Isgcloud: a security governance framework for cloud computing.The Computer Journal,58(10), pp.2233-2254. Rebollo, O., Mellado, D., Fernndez-Medina, E. and Mouratidis, H., 2015. Empirical evaluation of a cloud computing information security governance framework.Information and Software Technology,58, pp.44-57. Sheikhpour, R. and Modiri, N., 2012. A best practice approach for integration of ITIL and ISO/IEC 27001 services for information security management.Indian Journal of Science and Technology,5(2), pp.2170-2176. Stenberg, J., 2016. Snapple: A distributed, fault-tolerant, in-memory key-value store using Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types. Susanto, H., Almunawar, M.N. and Tuan, Y.C., 2012. Information security challenge and breaches: novelty approach on measuring ISO 27001 readiness level.International Journal of Engineering and Technology. IJET Publications UK,2(1). Techio, L.R. and Misaghi, M., 2015, May. EMSCLOUDan evaluative model of cloud services cloud service management. InInnovative Computing Technology (INTECH), 2015 Fifth International Conference on(pp. 100-105). IEEE. Whitman, M.E. and Mattord, H.J., 2012. Information Security Governance for the Non-Security Business Executive.Journal of Executive Education,11(1).

Napoleon and Stalin free essay sample

What readers may not realize is the resemblance of this character’s qualities and those of Joseph Stalin during the Russian Revolution. These similarities and how writer George Orwell expresses them will be discussed in this paper. Animal Farm is an allegory using the character Napoleon to represent Joseph Stalin. To begin, both figures shared the same historical background and rose to power in a parallel manner. Birth and Bring up From birth they carried the same memories from being a ‘peasant-class’ which meant for poverty and starvation for both parties. Under the totalitarian figures such as Czar Nicholas II of Russia and Mr. Jones of Manor farm, Stalin and Napoleon were subject to weeks of starvation, inapt support and were completely disregarded by these big-headed figures (Britannica, 2013). This was made evident on page 7 of the novel when Mr. Jones had not ‘bothered to feed the animals’ Napoleon inclusive. However, they both rose from this situation through controlling their roles as politicians, regardless of how unimportant they seemed to be. We will write a custom essay sample on Napoleon and Stalin or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example, during their roles as General Secretary and Right-hand man (or pig), they both found their way to gain allies and supporters, be it other secretaries or even ‘nine sturdy puppies’ [P. 17] as both proved helpful for their rise to power (Britannica, 2013). As time went on, their defeat of other leaders and twists on truths to control citizens made this connection of character history and traits very clear (Britannica, 2013). Rise and Leadership: Trotsky and Snowball, were both destroyed by Stalin and Napoleon in order to improve their own public images. In Stalin’s case, he had power over media and used this for propaganda and censorship in order for the people to agree with his pointless causes (Britannica, 2013). As for Napoleon, using Squealer he made the ‘necessary explanations’ [P. 14] to stay at the edge of the animals. These media cover-ups allowed Stalin and Napoleon to execute actions that sacrificed the masses in the expense of an undoubtedly successful development. While the similarities are obvious, how Orwell chose to write them opened up new doors to understanding what these characters represent (source). Purpose and Significance There are two important character features in the novel that describe Stalin’s mirrored character: his animal and his name. Both of which are features that paint him in a negative way. Firstly, the fact that Napoleon is a pig should suggest personality features associated with this animal symbol (Schmoop, 2008). The combination of this vigorous characteristic and the rest of his personality acts as an allegory for readers to understand Stalin’s true image, even with his actions towards Russia’s development. Secondly, calling the character Napoleon refers to the French Revolutionist and Military officer, Napoleon Bonapart (http://www. sparknotes. com/lit/animalfarm/). By using this sort of name readers are immediately reminded that Napoleon is a violent pig that only wants to expand his empire. With this and the examples above he is illustrating Napoleon in such a way to easier understand the immorality of his character, or really Stalin, as a whole. In the Novel Animal Farm, Joseph Stalin was mirrored through the character Napoleon, a pig that is the leader of Animal Farm after Mr Jones was overthrown. During his rule of the USSR, Stalin was widely seen as a cruel leader who would eliminate anyone who got in his way, and millions of people who refused to cooperate with him were executed as a result (History. com, 1996). Much like Stalin, Napoleon used violence against his people to control Animal Farm. One example of this can be seen when Napoleon trains the puppies not for their own education, but so that they could protect him and kill anyone who stands in his way. Moreover, after Snowball was chased off and banished from the farm, Napoleon had his dogs kill â€Å"the traitors who had leagued themselves with Snowball† (p61). Another trait of Joseph Stalin that can be seen in Napoleon is Napoleon turning against his own allies for his own benefit. During the last years of Vladimir’s life, Joseph Stalin was a part of the three-man committee along with Grigori Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev. After Lenin’s death, Joseph Stalin discredited Leon Trotsky, in order for himself to rise to power (Student resources in context, 1998). Following this task Joseph Stalin then turned on his two associates from the three-man committee. In the Novel, Napoleon turned on Snowball, a pig Orwell used to represent Leon Trotsky, and banished him from the farm after an argument on whether a windmill should be built.