A Passage Of India And The Relations Of Power - 10531 Words

Insurgency 1.1 A Passage to India and the Relations of Power http://www.booksstream.com/download.html?did=1477 http://alexandra.ahlamontada.com/ https://drive.google.com/folderview?id=0B1aTtQv_UQVmN1BHZ1NjNzhwNGsusp=sharing https://muslimhands.org.uk/donate/orphans/227133-nada-abdeen?p=10 --------------------------------- http://universitypublishingonline.org/cambridge/companions/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9781139001359 the Cambridge companion to E.M.Forster ------------------------------------------------ http://www.ninavaheducation.com/ Mosul University the new site ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ https://archive.org/stream/ost-english-apassagetoindia/APassageToIndia_djvu.txt The complete text of the novel. ‘Since freedom is our natural state, we are not only in possession of it but have the urge to defend it’ Étienne De La Boà ©tie Take up the White Man s burden– Ye dare not stoop to less– Nor call too loud on Freedom To cloke your weariness; By all ye cry or whisper,Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Forster s The White Man s Burden 852 Words   |  4 Pages 2. E. M. Forster’s A Passage to India: colonization: emancipation and the bridge of cultural interaction ‘Since freedom is our natural state, we are not only in possession of it but have the urge to defend it’ Étienne De La Boà ©tie Take up the White Man s burden– Read More Colonialism and Imperialism in Heart of Darkness and A Passage to India1683 Words   |  7 Pages It is best to analyze the works, Heart of Darkness and A Passage to India, applying the historical and cultural conditions of the society in which they were produced. The relations between groups and classes of people that imperialism sets up, and that these two works explore, starkly reveals the contradictions within capitalism in a way that a similar piece of fiction set within one culture and dealing with characters from that culture alone cannot. Prior to the analysis however, I would likeRead MoreE M Forster and the British Raj in a Passage to India Essay1327 Words   |  6 PagesForster, Virginia Woolf, James Joyce and D.H. Lawrence gave the form new dimensions. Among these writers E.M. Forster made a mark in the literature of his age through his last novel A Passage to India (1924), which was entirely different from Forsters other novels in that it dealt with the political occupation of India by the British, a colonial domination that ended soon after the publication of this novel. Forster, a liberal and humanist in outlook, emphasised the importance of love and understandingRead MoreHistory of Afghanistan and Pakistan1197 Words   |  5 Pagesextremist group known as the Taliban took control of Afghanistan’s government after the soviet withdrawal and established friendly relations with neighboring Pakistan. Pakistan used the Taliban to attack Indian interests in Afghanistan, however after the overthrow of the Taliban in late 2001 by the United States and allies, Afghan-Pakistani relations became strained. India views Afghanistan as a means of access to Central Asian trade and energy resources, as well as a means of advancing its own broaderRead MoreSouth Asian region is considered the heartland of present times owing to its geo-strategic1200 Words   |  5 PagesSouth Asian region is considered the heartland of present times owing to its geo-strategic location. Its location has evoked much interest among the major powers of the world. Conventionally, the region of South Asian has served as a hub of attractive economic activity for the other states out of the region. It situated with the South East Asia, the Middle East and Central Asia. These territories are measured quite insightful and purposefully significant regions of the world. China, Central AsiaRead MoreImprovement Of Power Quality Using Pq Theory1679 Words   |  7 PagesIMPROVEMENT OF POWER QUALITY USING PQ-THEORY SHUNTACTIVE POWER FILTER B. Udayasri 1 P.A Mohan Rao 2 Dasumanta Kumar Mohanta3 PG Student, MVGR College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, Andhrapradesh,India Assistant Professor of EEE, MVGR College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, Andhrapradesh,India Professor of EEE, MVGR College of Engineering, Vizianagaram, Andhrapradesh,India(Formerly Professor, BITS, Mesra) Abstract: ThisRead MoreNature Of Conquest : Understanding The East India Company s Role Of Bengal1246 Words   |  5 PagesNature of Conquest: Understanding the East India Company s role in Bengal A reassessment of the eighteenth century in Indian politics goes hand-in-glove with a discussion of the EIC s intrusion. Before that, a few words are in order regarding Bengal during this period. Referred to as Subah Jannat-i-Bilad-Bangla by Aurangzeb, the province of Bengal proved to be one of the most successful experiments of successor states in eighteenth-century India.1 The efficiency in administration brought aboutRead MoreSports Management1026 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen a part of human civilization from times immemorial. Sports and games provide a wonderful opportunity for  holistic development  of our body and mind. It inculcates a spirit of healthy competition and a true sense of patriotism within us. With the passage of time a lot of changes have taken place in the sporting world. In the beginning of the 21st century it is clearly evident that a huge amount of money, glamour, name, fame, media exposure and fan following has become an integral part of today sRead MoreTh e White Man s Burden10652 Words   |  43 Pages 1.1 A Passage to India and the Relations of Power ‘Since freedom is our natural state, we are not only in possession of it but have the urge to defend it’ Étienne De La Boà ©tie Take up the White Man s burden– Ye dare not stoop to less– Read MoreSample Resume : The Cambridge Companion 10581 Words   |  43 Pagesnew site ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ https://archive.org/stream/ost-english-apassagetoindia/APassageToIndia_djvu.txt The complete text of the novel 1.1 A Passage to India and the Relations of Power ‘Since freedom is our natural state, we are not only in possession of it but have the urge to defend it’ Étienne

How do poets from the pre 1914 poetry present their ideas...

How do poets from the pre 1914 poetry present their ideas about love and relationships? The poems I have chosen to write about are ‘They flee from me’ by Sir Thomas Wyatt (1503-1542), ‘The unequal fetters’ by Anne finch (1661-1720) and ‘To his coy mistress’ by Andrew Marvell (1621-1678). I chose these poems because I found them attention-grabbing and remarkable as they all are based around the same topic of love and pretence. Also I liked these poems because of the fact that they have a message that is still true even in today’s world. Wyatt wrote this poem as an epigram of what court life would be like and what would come along with it. ‘They flee from me’ is a poem of love and what Thomas Wyatt’s attitudes are of love and†¦show more content†¦Wyatt’s use of this language is significant for the reason that all the words a written as if they have their own special meaning and have a relation to the poem which helps explain the message within the poem. In the first verse women are considered to be ‘gentle’, ‘tame’ and ‘meek’. This is all of what Wyatt’s first impressions of women were when he would encounter them at the beginning. However, Wyatt’s first impressions on women would change not long after due to them moving on to the next man that caught their eye, as if they were ‘wild’ and ‘do not remember’ Wyatt and the times they had. He also says that the women were able ‘To take bread at my hand’ but ‘now they range’. This is the part when women were referred to being animal-like. At the beginning of the poem, ‘I have seen them gentle, tame, and meek’, ‘To take bread at my hand; and now they range’. This is all to do with animals being ‘tame’ and ‘gentle’ to start off with, but eventually they ‘range’ and move on as if moving to the next prolific land to graze. In verse two Wyatt talks of a woman in particular he met before. He talks of a memory of a pleasant time he had with a special woman. He saysShow MoreRelated Pre-1914 Century Poetry Coursework Essay1672 Words   |  7 PagesPre-1914 Century Poetry Coursework In this piece of coursework I will be comparing love songs from six different poems by different authors. I will do ‘First Love’ by John Clare, ‘How Do I Love Thee?’ by Elizabeth Barret Browning, ‘A Birthday’ and ‘Remember’ both by Christina Rossetti, ‘When We Two Parted’ by Lord Byron and ‘Villegiature’ by Edith Nesbit. All these poems that I am going to be comparing are all written before the 20th century, in the early 1700’s and 1800’s era. Love isRead MorePortrayal of War in the Pre 1900 Poetry Essay3056 Words   |  13 PagesPortrayal of War in the Pre 1900 Poetry Before 1900, war was always seen as a glorious thing. People truly believed in the words of the ancient writer Horace, Dulce et decorum est, pro patria mori. This phrase can be translated, as It is a lovely and honourable thing; to die for ones country. Pre 1900 war poetry was strongly patriotic and glossed over the grim reality of death, preferring instead to display the heroic aspects of fighting. If death was mentionedRead MoreDaffodils by William Wordsworth and Miracle on St. Davids Day by Gillian Clarke2054 Words   |  9 PagesDaffodils by William Wordsworth and Miracle on St. Davids Day by Gillian Clarke Each of the Wordsworth and Clarke poems show how the poets have been inspired to write about daffodils. In Miracle on St. Davids Day, Gillian Clarke actually refers to Wordsworths poem within her own. The poems however differ in structure and their responses to the daffodils are different. All of the poems use personification but the poems are written in contrasting style. WilliamRead MoreThe Disenchanted Research Paper3448 Words   |  14 PagesResearch paper: The Disenchanted F. Scott Fitzgerald’s life and work were in a knot from the start; his profession spanned one of the most tumultuous eras of the century, and from the very start he was the creator and the victim of the new culture of celebrity which accompanied the rise of modern technology. Budd Schulberg masterfully created a character that closely and in many ways represents Fitzgerald in his later years; Manley Halliday is that character. â€Å"His mind’s eye, incurably bifocalRead More Comparison of Remember and Sonnet Essay3207 Words   |  13 Pagesoften commonly known as How do I love thee- obviously introduces the piece in sonnet form. A sonnet is a fourteen-line poem in iambic pentameter with a carefully patterned rhyme scheme. The Italian or Petrarchan sonnet, named after Francesco Petrarch, an Italian poet from the thirteenth century was introduced into English poetry in the early sixteenth century and has been widely used ever since. Its fourteen lines break into an octet and a sestet, differing from the convention of the EnglishRead MoreCompare How the Theme of Love Is Presented in a Selection of Pre-1914 Poetry7665 Words   |  31 PagesCompare how the theme of love is presented in a selection of pre-1914 poetry The theme of love is a universal, timeless issue that has always been discussed and forever will be. People are searching for the true meaning of love and how it is different from person to person and from race to race. Everyone is amazed by how love can make people experience so many emotions and how love can bring sadness and happiness and confusion. ‘La Belle Dame Sans Merci’ By John Keats and ‘Porphyria’s Lover’Read MoreComparison Between Remember And Sonnet1959 Words   |  8 Pagescommonly referred to as How do I love thee obviously the piece is written in sonnet form and â€Å"Remember† by Christina Rossetti is also written in sonnet form. A sonnet is a fourteen line poem written in iambic pentameter. Within both of these poems there are many literary devices used to convey the different messages they are trying to get across and in some cases the same literary elements are used and in other instances they are greatly different. Imagery is a prime example of how an element is so prominentRead MoreHAMLET AND ORESTES10421 Words   |  42 Pages07 1 THE BRITISH ACADEMY THE ANNUAL SHAKESPEARE LECTURE 1914 Hamlet and Orestes A Study in Traditional Types By Gilbert Murray, LL.D., D.Litt. Regius Professor of Greek in the University of Oxford Fellow of the Academy New York Oxford University Press American Branch 35 West 32nd Street London : Humphrey Milford THE BRITISH ACADEMY THE ANNUAL SHAKESPEARE LECTURE 1914 Hamlet and Orestes A Study in Traditional Types By Gilbert MurrayRead MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words   |  102 PagesIn 1919, when Langston Hughes was seventeen years old, he spent the summer with his father, Jim Hughes, in Toluca, Mexico. Langston had not seen his father since he was a small child, and he was excited about making the trip. However, during this visit, no affectionate bond would develop between Langston and Jim. Jim Hughes was a cold, difficult man, who was driven by ambition to make money and achieve respect. He had moved to Mexico to avoid segregation and racial injustice in the United StatesRead MorePostmodernism in Literature5514 Words   |  23 Pagespost-World War II literature. It is both a continuation of the experimentation championed by writers of the modernist period (relying heavily, for example, on fragmentation, paradox, questionable narrators, etc.) and a reaction against Enlightenment ideas implicit in Modernist literature. Postmodern literature, like postmodernism as a whole, is difficult to define and there is little agreement on the exact characteristics, scope, and importance of postmodern literature. However, unifying features often

Cloud Storage Service in Amazon Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Cloud Storage Service in Amazon. Answer: Introduction The cloud storage service is availed by different organizations for maintaining, managing, and backing their data. These data are made available to the organizations over a network by the service providers. There are various companies that provide this service to the organizations among which, Amazon Web Service is a popular one. The organizations mainly has to pay for per consumption monthly rate for availing this service that is lower than building infrastructure to support their data system. However, the security of the cloud storage is under continuous debate due to some of the issues that recently aroused in AWS. Some of the web service provided by AWS went down for four hours on September 2015, which caused the companies face a tremendous loss and data loss. Some of the websites that faced major loss are Netflix, Slack, Trello, Quora and Business Insider. The following of the report gives an overview of the causation of the issue. It will primarily focus on the ISO/IEC 27014, which is a certificate that provides information security. The companies utilizes it for monitoring, evaluating, and communicating with the information security within the organization. The later part of the report provides solution of required for avoiding such issues in future. Causation of the Issue The outage of September 2017 in AWS was caused due to a problem with Amazons DynamoDB metadata service for partitioning. The DynamoDBs communication ability with the metadata services was critically affected due to a network disruption. This type of situation usually occurs if a single partition is accessed frequently leaving the other partitions unattended. The issue with DynamoDB was soon resolved that created the actual issue. A number of storage servers simultaneously tried to load their metadata as soon as the DynamoDB was recovered. It created an overload in traffic that caused the metadata service responses to exceed the retrieval and transmission time allowed by storage servers, which caused storage servers to reject and further requests. It resulted into shutdown of the servers. However, the effect cataract through the AWS system and dragged down the other services that use DunamoDB for storing their internal tables. Several attempts of increasing the capacity of the metadat a to decrease the load failed. It was after six hours when the engineers were able to increase the capacity of metadata service significantly and bring back the storage servers to its full operational mode (dailymail.co.uk. 2017). Solution The disruption occurred can easily be resolved by following one of more procedures mentioned below. The first method was utilized by AWS for solving the issue occurred. It is temporary inclination of the amount of read or writes capacity for the partitions to overcome the short-term spikes or bursts. The organization needs to reduce the capacity after successfully reducing the work load (Niranjanamurthy et al. 2014). The second method is the process of implementing error retries and exponential back off. It usually provides longer gap between retires for consecutive error responses (Amazon Web Services 2017). Thirdly, the organizations should organize the read and write operations evenly across the table as much possible to avoid such breakdown (Dimovski 2013). Lastly, implementation of ElastiCache will come handy in the cases where the static data are accessed in a frequent basis. The well-designed cache can efficiently and quickly serve the query results (Stenberg 2016). ISO/IEC 27001 AWS received the certification in 2010 that has been developed with the purpose of protecting the organizations information assets (MP Azuwa, A., Ahmad, R., Sahib, S. and Shamsuddin 2012). This in turn helps the companies in developing countermeasures to IS-related vulnerabilities (Humphreys 2016). One can view this as an overall measure that combines risk management, security management, governance, and compliance. The function of ISO/IEC 27001 extends in ensuring the right people, process and technologies are in right place and provide a proactive approach in managing security and risk (Disterer 2013). The publication of this certification was a major event in the world of information security, which is a modification of BS 7799-2 (Sheikhpour and Modiri 2012; Anttila et al. 2012). Benefits This has a number of benefits that helps in resolving a number of issues that are commonly faced by IT companies. The ISO/IEC 27001 help the company producing a framework for the management of information security risk that further ensures the company taking into account for legal and regulatory requirements (Hoy and Foley 2015). It further involves in a continual improvement, engages the company to regularly review the effectiveness of the information securitymanagement system, and takes action to address the emerging security risks. It also makes the accessibility easy for the authorized users at the time of requirement (Susanto, Almunawar and Tuan 2012). Drawbacks However, ISO/IEC 27001 has several identifiable drawbacks. Firstly, the firms can set their own specification regarding the securitymanagement system (Kharchenko et al. 2012). It is up to the company to set its own high-jump bar and it has no clear regulation in controlling the matter. Secondly, the branding associated with certification does not identify the scope, which often misleads the customers in thinking the organization rather a specific part of the organization (Grkaynak, Yilmaz and Taskiran 2014). Lastly, it gives competitive advantage in business-to-business relationship and unlikely to influence business to customer relationship (Mesquida and Mas 2015). ISO/IEC 27014 ISO/IEC 27014 is an outcome of a joint effort of ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector and ISO/IEC JTC1 SC 27 with the aim of helping the organizations governs their information security arrangements (Techio and Misaghi 2015; Mahncke and Williams 2012). This is a guidance of concepts and principles for the governance of information security (Rebollo et al. 2015). The organizations can use this for evaluating, directing, monitoring and communicating the information security related activities in the organization (Kaster and Sen 2014; Campbell 2016). It further ensures the alignment of information security with strategies and objectives undertaken by the business. Achievement of visibility, agility, efficiency, effectiveness and compliance becomes easy using this standard (Huang, Farn and Lin 2012). This standard provides six principles to guide the organizations throughout their operation that can potentially defend the organization from both external and internal threat (? and Karamanlis 2016; Jung and Kim 2015). The principles are: Establish a wide information security. Help in formulating and adapting risk-based approach. Helps setting direction of investment decisions. It conforms internal and external requirements. Enhance the security by fostering a positive environment (Whitman and Mattord 2012). Reviews performance in relation to business outcomes (Rebollo, Mellado and Fernandez-Medina 2014). Organizations receive a number of benefits of using ISO/IEC 27014. Primarily, it helps in aligning information security with the strategy and goals of the organization. Secondly, it can increase the value delivered to the stakeholders and the board. The third benefit comes from the effective risk management to identify and reduce the possible forthcoming threats. Moreover, the standard helps the organization in raising all level awareness in the board. It enables the board members to a flexible approach to risk decision making, efficient an effective investment on information security and compliance with standards, regulations and agreements. Recommendation and Conclusion The company had increased the capacity of their metadata for solving the issue that occurred in the system. However, they could have prevented the situation from ever occurring by measuring the other necessary steps mentioned in the report. The third solution referred in the solution section can help AWS in taking precautions and prevent the breakdown from ever occurring. Moreover, the company follows the ISO/IEC 27001 that has several shortcomings in securing the information assets. This standard gives the organization a level of freedom in setting the high-jump bar that exposes the company and threatens the security of the system. The later published standard ISO/IEC 27014 is out of these errors and provides potential security to the data system. Hence, it can be concluded from the report that the issue occurred in case of AWS could have been avoided if they take necessary precaution narrated in the report. Moreover, the use of back dated standard resulted in this failure which nee ds modification. References Amazon Web Services, Inc. 2017.Resolve Issues with Throttled DynamoDB Tables. [online] Available at: https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/throttled-ddb/ [Accessed 28 Oct. 2017]. Anttila, J., Jussila, K., Kajava, J. and Kamaja, I., 2012, August. Integrating ISO/IEC 27001 and other managerial discipline standards with processes of management in organizations. InAvailability, Reliability and Security (ARES), 2012 Seventh International Conference on(pp. 425-436). IEEE. Campbell, T., 2016. Standards, Frameworks, Guidelines, and Legislation. InPractical Information Security Management(pp. 71-93). Apress. dailymail.co.uk. 2017.Amazon's cloud service partial outage affects certain websites. [online] Available at: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-4268850/Amazons-cloud-service-partial-outage-affects-certain-websites.html [Accessed 28 Oct. 2017]. Dimovski, D., 2013.Database management as a cloud-based service for small and medium organizations(Doctoral dissertation, Masarykova univerzita, Fakulta informatiky). Disterer, G., 2013. ISO/IEC 27000, 27001 and 27002 for information security management.Journal of Information Security,4(02), p.92. Grkaynak, G., Yilmaz, I. and Taskiran, N.P., 2014. Protecting the communication: Data protection and security measures under telecommunications regulations in the digital age.Computer law security review,30(2), pp.179-189. Hoy, Z. and Foley, A., 2015. A structured approach to integrating audits to create organisational efficiencies: ISO 9001 and ISO 27001 audits.Total Quality Management Business Excellence,26(5-6), pp.690-702. Huang, C.C., Farn, K.J. and Lin, F.Y.S., 2012. A study on ISMS policy: importing personal data protection of ISMS.Journal of Computers,23(1), pp.35-41. Humphreys, E., 2016.Implementing the ISO/IEC 27001: 2013 ISMS Standard. Artech House. Jung, J. and Kim, J., 2015, August. A Study on Developing Framework for Information Privacy Protection. InProceedings of the 17th In Kaster, P. and Sen, P.K., 2014, September. Power Grid cyber security: Challenges and impacts. InNorth American Power Symposium (NAPS), 2014(pp. 1-6). IEEE. Kharchenko, V.Y.A.C.H.E.S.L.A.V., Siora, A., Andrashov, A.N.T.O.N. and Kovalenko, A., 2012. Cyber security of FPGA-based NPP IC systems: Challenges and solutions. InProceeding of the 8th International Conference on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC HMIT 2012). San Diego, CA: NPIC HMIT. ?, . and Karamanlis, M., 2016.Information Security Management System toolkit(Master's thesis, ? ?). Mahncke, R. and Williams, P., 2012. Developing governance capability to improve information security resilience in healthcare. Mesquida, A.L. and Mas, A., 2015. Implementing information security best practices on software lifecycle processes: The ISO/IEC 15504 Security Extension.Computers Security,48, pp.19-34. MP Azuwa, A., Ahmad, R., Sahib, S. and Shamsuddin, S., 2012. Technical security metrics model in compliance with ISO/IEC 27001 standard.The Society of Digital Information and Wireless Communication. Niranjanamurthy, M., Archana, U.L., Niveditha, K.T., Abdul Jafar, S. and Shravan, N.S., 2014. The Research Study on DynamoDBNoSQL Database Service. Rebollo, O., Mellado, D. and Fernandez-Medina, E., 2014. Isgcloud: a security governance framework for cloud computing.The Computer Journal,58(10), pp.2233-2254. Rebollo, O., Mellado, D., Fernndez-Medina, E. and Mouratidis, H., 2015. Empirical evaluation of a cloud computing information security governance framework.Information and Software Technology,58, pp.44-57. Sheikhpour, R. and Modiri, N., 2012. A best practice approach for integration of ITIL and ISO/IEC 27001 services for information security management.Indian Journal of Science and Technology,5(2), pp.2170-2176. Stenberg, J., 2016. Snapple: A distributed, fault-tolerant, in-memory key-value store using Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types. Susanto, H., Almunawar, M.N. and Tuan, Y.C., 2012. Information security challenge and breaches: novelty approach on measuring ISO 27001 readiness level.International Journal of Engineering and Technology. IJET Publications UK,2(1). Techio, L.R. and Misaghi, M., 2015, May. EMSCLOUDan evaluative model of cloud services cloud service management. InInnovative Computing Technology (INTECH), 2015 Fifth International Conference on(pp. 100-105). IEEE. Whitman, M.E. and Mattord, H.J., 2012. Information Security Governance for the Non-Security Business Executive.Journal of Executive Education,11(1).

Napoleon and Stalin free essay sample

What readers may not realize is the resemblance of this character’s qualities and those of Joseph Stalin during the Russian Revolution. These similarities and how writer George Orwell expresses them will be discussed in this paper. Animal Farm is an allegory using the character Napoleon to represent Joseph Stalin. To begin, both figures shared the same historical background and rose to power in a parallel manner. Birth and Bring up From birth they carried the same memories from being a ‘peasant-class’ which meant for poverty and starvation for both parties. Under the totalitarian figures such as Czar Nicholas II of Russia and Mr. Jones of Manor farm, Stalin and Napoleon were subject to weeks of starvation, inapt support and were completely disregarded by these big-headed figures (Britannica, 2013). This was made evident on page 7 of the novel when Mr. Jones had not ‘bothered to feed the animals’ Napoleon inclusive. However, they both rose from this situation through controlling their roles as politicians, regardless of how unimportant they seemed to be. We will write a custom essay sample on Napoleon and Stalin or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example, during their roles as General Secretary and Right-hand man (or pig), they both found their way to gain allies and supporters, be it other secretaries or even ‘nine sturdy puppies’ [P. 17] as both proved helpful for their rise to power (Britannica, 2013). As time went on, their defeat of other leaders and twists on truths to control citizens made this connection of character history and traits very clear (Britannica, 2013). Rise and Leadership: Trotsky and Snowball, were both destroyed by Stalin and Napoleon in order to improve their own public images. In Stalin’s case, he had power over media and used this for propaganda and censorship in order for the people to agree with his pointless causes (Britannica, 2013). As for Napoleon, using Squealer he made the ‘necessary explanations’ [P. 14] to stay at the edge of the animals. These media cover-ups allowed Stalin and Napoleon to execute actions that sacrificed the masses in the expense of an undoubtedly successful development. While the similarities are obvious, how Orwell chose to write them opened up new doors to understanding what these characters represent (source). Purpose and Significance There are two important character features in the novel that describe Stalin’s mirrored character: his animal and his name. Both of which are features that paint him in a negative way. Firstly, the fact that Napoleon is a pig should suggest personality features associated with this animal symbol (Schmoop, 2008). The combination of this vigorous characteristic and the rest of his personality acts as an allegory for readers to understand Stalin’s true image, even with his actions towards Russia’s development. Secondly, calling the character Napoleon refers to the French Revolutionist and Military officer, Napoleon Bonapart (http://www. sparknotes. com/lit/animalfarm/). By using this sort of name readers are immediately reminded that Napoleon is a violent pig that only wants to expand his empire. With this and the examples above he is illustrating Napoleon in such a way to easier understand the immorality of his character, or really Stalin, as a whole. In the Novel Animal Farm, Joseph Stalin was mirrored through the character Napoleon, a pig that is the leader of Animal Farm after Mr Jones was overthrown. During his rule of the USSR, Stalin was widely seen as a cruel leader who would eliminate anyone who got in his way, and millions of people who refused to cooperate with him were executed as a result (History. com, 1996). Much like Stalin, Napoleon used violence against his people to control Animal Farm. One example of this can be seen when Napoleon trains the puppies not for their own education, but so that they could protect him and kill anyone who stands in his way. Moreover, after Snowball was chased off and banished from the farm, Napoleon had his dogs kill â€Å"the traitors who had leagued themselves with Snowball† (p61). Another trait of Joseph Stalin that can be seen in Napoleon is Napoleon turning against his own allies for his own benefit. During the last years of Vladimir’s life, Joseph Stalin was a part of the three-man committee along with Grigori Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev. After Lenin’s death, Joseph Stalin discredited Leon Trotsky, in order for himself to rise to power (Student resources in context, 1998). Following this task Joseph Stalin then turned on his two associates from the three-man committee. In the Novel, Napoleon turned on Snowball, a pig Orwell used to represent Leon Trotsky, and banished him from the farm after an argument on whether a windmill should be built.

Quick Fixes for Common Legal Writing Mistakes

Quick Fixes for Common Legal Writing Mistakes Lets face it: legal writing is difficult. However, there are many quick fixes that can help you to establish a clear, understandable style. Below are my top 20 tips for improving your legal writing.Defined terms should be consistent. If you tag Bill Smith as the Plaintiff, call him the Plaintiff throughout the entire document, not Mr. Brown, Brown, Billy or whatever other name you think will spice up your brief.If you label something A, there must be a B. If used correctly, headings are a great way to organize your brief and give the reader an overall picture of your argument. Headings and subheading should preview each section of legal text. Further, they should be similar in content, grammar and placement.Avoid conclusory language. A conclusion, standing alone, will not persuade your reader. To build a persuasive argument, you must cite to the specific facts and legal authorities that support your conclusion. You cannot simply tell the reader that the Defendant was clearly negligen t. Rather, you must provide the reader with the facts and reasons necessary for him to conclude that the Defendant was indeed negligent.Avoid superfluous language and use plain English. Although every legal education includes the mastering legal terms, part of becoming an effective legal writer is shedding the archaic, the legalese, and the Latin. Too often, those legal words do nothing but make the text sound like a lawyer wrote it. Usually, there are many more effective, reader friendly alternatives that say the same thing. A good rule of thumb is to use legal words correctly but sparingly, and only when necessary.Avoid colloquialism. Legal writing is formal writing. Therefore, you cannot simply write how you might talk in ever day, casual conversation. Most importantly, slang should always be avoided. For example, it would be inappropriate to write, Mr. Brown kicked the bucket on X date. You should simply write, Mr. Brown died on X date.Avoid being catty, snide or sarcastic. It m akes you look childish, immature and unprofessional. It does not add anything to your legal argument. Moreover, judges despise it!Ensure dates, names and amounts are consistent. This simply requires careful attention to detail. I suggest reading through your draft and checking that all of the names are consistent, i.e. you have not started referring to James Smith as Jim Smith halfway through the brief. Next, check that your dates are accurate and in chronological order, if applicable. Finally, double-check any monetary amounts, paying special attention to any parenthetical numerical amounts and their corresponding written amounts.Triple check references to exhibits and affidavits. As with the above, this is primarily an exercise in proofreading and organization. Although it is often tedious, it can prevent embarrassment down the road. You do not want the judge to have to look through all of your exhibits because you mistakenly referred to the demand letter as Exhibit A when it is r eally Exhibit C.Commas and periods go inside quotations. Commas and periods go inside quotes. Always. No exceptions. Quotation marks are used incorrectly in so much legal- and non-legal- writing that most people arent sure what is in fact correct. To further confuse writers, the opposite is true in British English!Beware of over-chronicling. Some dates are very important, but most are not. When the date of every event is listed, it is difficult for the reader to discern which, if any, are relevant to the merits of the case. So unless the exact date is important and should be remembered by the reader, leave it out.Show, don t tell! In your fact section, include concrete examples and citations to relevant documents. This is far more convincing than your opinion or characterization of the facts.Words like obviously and clearly hurt more than help your writing. If you have to emphasize your argument with these words, chances are your argument is not very strong is the first place. Altho ugh it seems paradoxical, eliminating these words from your writing actually makes it stronger and enhances your credibility.Its means it is. Its means belonging to it. Enough said.Resist the temptation to use a large word when a small one will do. For example, in most situations, the word use is fine and the word utilize is a bit much.Be brief and to the point. You do not want the reader to be exhausted, physically or mentally, by the time he or she is done reading your brief. I have yet to put down a brief and say, I wish that had been longer, U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr. has said.Always give the pinpoint page cite. Should you not give the pinpoint page cite, it suggests to the judge that you are either lazy or that you have accurately recited the holding of the case.Don t be bossy. Avoid telling the court what it must or cannot do. Instead, simply assert that the court should not hesitate to grant the relief your client seeks.The Bluebook is your friend. W hen it doubt as to a legal citation, look it up. The Bluebook is surprisingly user friendly. Never rely on the citations given in published opinions or by legal research tools, as they are not always correct.Save ample time for proofreading. Typographical mistakes, grammatical errors and incorrect citations can harm your credibility. Take the time to carefully proofread your document and do not simply rely on your word processor s spell and grammar check as they miss many errors. If possible, ask a friend or colleague to review the brief as well.Revise and rewrite, repeat as necessary. It often takes several drafts to attain the virtues of brevity and clarity. Even when you think you have arrived at the final product, take some time and then revisit the draft so you can better evaluate it with a fresh eye.There you have it. I hope my perspective helps you to refine your legal writing skill set. Like any discipline, it takes a lot of practice and trial-and-error, but with time you sh ould be able to master these quick fixes.

50 Greek and Latin Root Words

50 Greek and Latin Root Words In English grammar, a  root  is a word or portion of a word from which other words grow, usually through the addition of  prefixes and suffixes. By learning root words, you can decipher unfamiliar words, expand your vocabulary, and become a better English speaker.   The Roots of Words Most words in the English language are based on words from ancient Greek and Latin. The root of the word vocabulary, for example, is ​voc, a Latin root meaning word or name. This root also appears in such  words  as advocacy, convocation, evocative, vocal, and vowel. By dissecting words such as these, etymologists can study how a word has evolved over time and tell us about the cultures they came from. Root words are also useful for creating new words, especially in technology and medicine, where new innovations occur frequently. Think of the Greek root word tele, which means far, and inventions that traverse long distances, such as the telegraph, telephone, and television. The word technology itself is a combination of two other Greek root words, techne, meaning skill or art, and logos, or study. Greek Root Words The table below defines and illustrates 25  of the most common Greek roots. Root Meaning Examples anti against antibacterial, antidote, antithesis ast(er) star asteroid, astronomy, astronaut aqu water aquarium, aquatic, aqualung auto self automatic, automate, autobiograph biblio book bibliography, bibliophile bio life biography, biology, biodegradable chrome color monochromatic, phytochrome chrono time chronic, synchronize, chronicle doc teach document, docile, doctrinal dyna power dynasty, dynamic, dynamite geo earth geography, geology, geometry gno to know agnostic, acknowledge graph write autograph, graphic, demographic hydr water dehydrate, hydrant, hydropower kinesis movement kinetic, photokinesis logos word, study astrology, biology, theologian narc sleep narcotic, narcolepsy path feel empathy, pathetic, apathy phil love philosophy, bibliophile, philanthropy phon sound microphone, phonograph, telephone photo light photograph, photocopy, photon schem plan scheme, schematic syn together, with synthetic, photosynthesis tele far telescope, telepathy, television tropos turning heliotrope, tropical Latin Root Words The table below defines and illustrates 25  of the most common Latin  roots. Root Meaning Examples ab to move away abstract, abstain, aversion acer, acri bitter acrid, acrimony, exacerbate audi hear audible, audience, auditorium bene good benefit, benign, benefactor brev short abbreviate, brief circ round circus, circulate dict say dictate, edict, dictionary duc lead, make deduce, produce, educate fund bottom founder, foundation, funding gen to birth gene, generate, generous hab to have ability, exhibit, inhabit jur law jury, justice, justify lev to lift levitate, elevate, leverage log, logue thought logic, apologize, analogy luc, lum light lucid, illuminate, translucent manu hand manual, manicure, manipulate mis, mit send missile, transmit, permit omni all omnivorous, omnipotent, omniscent pac peace pacify, pacific, pacifist port carry export, import, important quit silent, restive tranquil, requiem, acquit scrib, script to write script, proscribe, describe sens to feel sensitive, sentient, resent terr earth terrain, territory, extraterrestrial tim to fear timid, timorous vac empty vacuum, vacate, evacuate vid, vis to see video, vivid, invisible ​Understanding the meanings of the common word roots can help us deduce the meanings of new words that we encounter. But be careful: root words can have more than one meaning as well as various shades of meaning. In addition, words that look similar may  derive  from different roots. Sources Bryant, Alice, and Robbins, Jill. Grow Your Vocabulary by Learning Root Words. VOANews.com, 28 November 2017.Grammarly staff. Why You Should Learn Roots. Grammarly.com, 6 February 2016.McCammon, Ellen. 50 GRE Words You Should Know. PrepScholar.com, 8 February 2017.

Public law special study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Public law special study - Essay Example This is an approach consistent with the asymmetry thesis. The asymmetry thesis, takes the position that the imposing sex discrimination prohibitions on religions would amount to excessive restraints on freedom of religion.4 International academic debate centres round either defending or attacking the asymmetry thesis.5 This paper argues that the liberalized thinking occupying international debate is more suited to resolving the tensions between sexuality-based equalities and faith-based equalities. Liberalized thinking in today’s egalitarian society argues that neither religious nor â€Å"quasi-religious† beliefs have a role to play in defining the parameters of civic duty and democratic participation.6 This paper analyses the tensions implicit in sexuality-based equalities and faith-equalities by reference to both British case law and in the context of international academic debate. ... previous statutes defining and regulating the states obligation to ensure equal treatment and protection of the law for all citizens regardless of race, gender, sexuality, religion, disability, nationality and so on.7 In particular, sexuality, gender and religion are â€Å"protected characteristics† within the ambit of the 2010 Act.8 Freedom of religion is likewise statutorily protected in the UK by virtue of the Human Rights Act 1998 which incorporates the European Convention on Human Rights 1953 (Hereinafter ECHR).9 Article 9 of the ECHR provides that all citizens have â€Å"the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion† as well as the right to observe, practice, teach, worship and â€Å"manifest his religion or belief†.10 Article 9(2) however goes on to impose conditions to freedom of religion by providing that the freedom of religion is limitations imposed by law: ...And are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of public safety, for t he protection of public order, health or morals, or for the protection of the rights and freedom of others.11 The Court of Appeal explained the importance of Article 9(2) of the ECHR in Ladele v Islington. In this case there was a conflict in competing equality claims: sexuality-based and faith-based equalities. On the facts of the case a registrar who professed to be a Christian declined to register a civil partnership between a same-sex couple on the grounds that same-sex partnerships were against her religious beliefs. The Court of Appeal, in considering Article 9(2) of the ECHR held that the law recognizes that in a modern democratic society it is necessary to prohibit discrimination with respect to the delivery of â€Å"goods, facilities and services on the grounds of sexual orientation† with only exceptional

Rethorical anlysis of the smoker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Rethorical anlysis of the smoker - Essay Example Upon any further contemplation, a reader will stumble at the question whether choosing a life-partner is such a light matter as it is presented in the story. Schickler does not show any clear hints that the way Nicole chooses Douglas as her life-partner is wrong. Rather Schickler refers to the glaring flaws of traditional arranged marriage by presenting the ironies in a light tone. From the beginning to the end, the story flows at a smooth and easily palatable speed. But the readers cannot but raise their brows when they find Nicole’s father to propose Douglas at their first encounter. From here a reader’s reasoning starts and necessarily has to focus on Douglas’s and Nicole’s personality traits. Until then, a reader reads the story as a traditional story of a school girl’s romantic infatuation with her 12 years older teacher. What is disturbing in Samson’s approach to her daughter’s marriage with Douglass is that he makes its justifia ble depending on his own conjugal life. He refutes Douglass’s objection to the age gap on the ground that he has â€Å"got twelve years on Paulette† (Schickler 5). It essentially reveals that Samson’s judgment about the compatibility between his daughter and Douglass is self-centered.

The Mafia Theory Essay Example for Free

The Mafia Theory Essay David E. Scheim has published two books claiming that the Mafia were responsible for the assassination of John F. Kennedy. He believes that it was organized by Carlos Marcello, Santos Trafficante and Jimmy Hoffa. This theory is based on the idea that the Mafia were angry with both John F. Kennedy and Robert Kennedy for their attempts to destroy organized crime. Scheims theory was supported by Trafficantes lawyer, Frank Ragano, who published the book Mob Lawyer, in 1994. The theory is also supported by the investigative journalist, Jack Anderson. G. Robert Blakey, chief counsel and staff director to the House Select Committee on Assassinations from 1977 to 1979, published The Plot to Kill the President in 1981. In the book Blakey argues that Lee Harvey Oswald was involved but believes that there was at least one gunman firing from the Grassy Knoll. Blakey came to the conclusion that the Mafia boss, Carlos Marcello, organized the assassination. Anthony Summers is the author of The Kennedy Conspiracy. He believes that Kennedy was killed by a group of anti-Castro activists, funded by Mafia mobsters that had been ousted from Cuba. Summers believes that some members of the CIA took part in this conspiracy. In his book, JFK: The Second Plot (1992), Matthew Smith points out that Thomas H. Killam, a man who worked for Jack Ruby, claimed that there was a link between his former employer, Lee Harvey Oswald and the Mafia. He told his brother, I am a dead man, but I have run as far as I am running. Killam was found dead in an alley with his throat cut in March, 1964. In October, 1991, Chauncey Holt confessed to John Craig, Phillip Rogers and Gary Shaw about his role in the assassination of John F. Kennedy. He claimed Peter Licavoli, a leading figure in the Mafia in Detroit, had organized the conspiracy and named Charlie Nicoletti, Charles Harrelson and Charles Rogers as the gunmen. In 1992 the nephew of Sam Giancana published Double Cross: The Story of the Man Who Controlled America. The book attempted to establish that Giancana had rigged the 1960 Presidential election vote in Cook County on John Kennedys behalf, which effectively gave Kennedy the election. It is argued that Kennedy reneged on the deal and therefore Giancana had him killed. The next crime figure to confess to the crime was James Files. He claimed that two Mafia leaders, Sam Giancana and Johnny Roselli organized the assassination. Charlie Nicoletti was identified as the other gunman.

Hamlets Insanity :: essays research papers

The question of Hamlet’s insanity is a question raised by many people, is Hamlet a great actor, or has he lost complete sense of what’s real? There is no right answer, there is no wrong answer, many readers have different perceptions on what really was going through Hamlet’s head. My perception is that hamlet comes full circle with his insanity, and at points lets it get the best of him, and brings him down to a extremely low point.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the beginning of the novel that Hamlet’s spirits aren’t all there, and his soul is disturbed, by the death of his father. He seems to be looking for answers and meaning to explain the unexplainable death of his father and his mother’s abrupt marriage to his uncle, this is where I believe his insanity started. Given that this happened to anyone normal person, they’re mind would be a mess and bitterness and anger would play a huge part in their thoughts. So, yes in a way, I do believe that Hamlet was diseased with temporary insanity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Ghost of Hamlet’s father, was in way another brick of burden for Hamlet to carry, and did nothing but add confusion and anger to his already disturbed mind. After this I believe hamlets madness to grow, he his blinded by bitterness and anger towards his uncle so much that he loses sight compassion for life and love.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hamlet truly loved Ophelia, In my eyes, and I do believe that if his mind was not clouded with anger, he would’ve done nothing to ever harm her. Hamlet without even realizing, because of his insanity used Ophelia as a release for his anger, and eventually drove her mad. He basically tortured Ophelia without even knowing, not only by the progression of anger and rejection towards her, but also by killing her own father.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The killing of Polonius, I believe to be Hamlet’s peak of insanity, the fact that he killed a man without even knowing who it was nor caring, I have to say is insanity at its best. Hamlet seems to have no perception of reality nor compassion at this point, his anger towards his uncle has completely blinded him and messed him up beyond belief. Another sign of Hamlet’s insanity is that he completely rips into his mother. There are very few people in this novel, I believe Hamlet to truly care about, but one person is definitely his own mother.

What Is Diabetes Type 1 Health And Social Care Essay

Type 1 Diabetes, which can be used to be called juvenile oncoming or Insulin-Dependent Diabetess Mellitus ( IDDM ) and normally appears during childhood, teenage old ages, or early maturity. It is an autoimmune disease, intending that the immune system has mistaken its ain pancreas for foreign tissue and destroys the pancreatic cells that produce insulin, which is a endocrine. As a consequence, people with Type 1 Diabetes produce about no insulin ( 1 ) . Furthermore, IDDM is largely inherited by the parent cell as the research said if you have a household member with Type 1 Diabetes, your hazard is approximately five to six per centum, compared to the hazard in general population which is 0.4 % ( 2 ) . Diabetes was the 7th prima cause of decease listed on U.S. decease certifications in 2006. This ranking is based on the 72,507 decease certifications in 2006 in which diabetes was listed as the underlying cause of decease ( 3 ) . Therefore, are at that place any possible solutions to g et the better of this job? Neuropathic ulcer may show on the pess of diabetic people. Beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.epodiatry.com/resource/images/Edmond.gif ( 178 WORDS ) A POSSIBLE Solution Insulin pump therapy Alpha cell secrete glucagon Raises glucose degree Islet cell of the pancreas Beta cell secrete glucagon Lowers glucose degree In the Islet cell of pancreas, Beta cell makes insulin. When immune system destroys beta cell, insulin can non be produced. As a consequence the cells in our organic structures will non be able to treat the glucose and hence have no energy for motion ( 6 ) . Furthermore, the glucose is unable to be transferred from blood stream to the cells and the glucose degrees in the blood will be higher than normal. Hence, insulin pump therapy is needed to get the better of this job. ( 283 WORDS ) Insulin pump is a little mechanical device, a small larger than a beeper that is worn outside the organic structure, frequently on a belt or in a pocket. It delivers insulin into the organic structure via an extract set which is injected beneath the tegument at the extract site ( 7 ) . Nipro Diabetes Systems Amigo OmniPod Insulin Management System Nipro Diabetes Systems Amigo OmniPod Insulin Management System Examples of insulin pump. Beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/pumps/index.htm Graph 1 shows the age distribution at the clip of diagnosing for members of the Insulin Pumpers. Beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.insulin-pumpers.org/about.shtml From graph 1, we can see that most of the users of pumpers are kids and adolescents. About 1119 insulin pumpers have been recorded until 25th of December 2009, which shows a great figure of populations that had been infected with this disease. ( 407 WORDS ) Over the old ages, a figure of different types and trade names of insulin have been developed to run into different demands.TypeBrand NameOnsetExtremumDurationRemarksFast playing Humalog Novolog 5 – 15 proceedingss 45 – 90 proceedingss 3 – 4 hours Human The fastest-acting insulin available Intermediate moving Humulin L Humulin N Novolin L Novolin N 1 – 3 hours 6 – 12 hours 20 – 24 hours Human Long moving Humulin U 4-6 hours 18-28 hours 28 hours Human Normally used in combination with a faster-acting insulin to supply proper control at mealtimes Ultra-long moving Lantus 1.1 hours No extremum Changeless concentration over 24 hours Human Injected one time day-to-day at bedtime Mixtures Humulin 50/50 Humulin 70/30 Novolin 70/30 Humalog Mix 75/25 Varies Varies Varies Varies Varies Varies The Numberss refer to per centum of NPH ( 1st figure ) and regular ( 2nd figure ) Available in phials, pen-fill cartridges, and prefilled panpipes 75 % NPL ( a new NPH preparation ) and 25 % lispro ; available in disposable pen. Beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.lifeclinic.com/focus/diabetes/supply_insulin.asp The end of insulin pump therapy is to copy the insulin secernment form which can be seen in people without diabetes. Normally there are two form of insulin release: Basal insulin or background insulin which is continuously released from the beta cells and regulates the glucose production from liver. Bolus insulin, which is insulin released in response to nutrient and controls the glucose alterations after repasts ( 2 ) . There are four types of bolus form which can assist the pumpers to find what is best for any given nutrient and by accommodating the bolus form to their demands, it will better control of blood sugar. Standard bolus.JPGExtended bolus.JPG Combo bolus.JPGSuper bolus.JPGSource: hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin_pump All the graphs show the bolus form in order to find what the best nutrient is should be taken in order to better control of blood sugar. The standard bolus people should take low protein and low fat repasts while extended bolus diabetic covering high fat high protein repasts such as steak, which will be raising blood sugar for many hours past the oncoming of the bolus. Furthermore, those who have combination bolus is appropriate for high fat repasts such as pizza and cocoa bar but the ace bolus people must take certain nutrients ( like sugary breakfast cereals ) which cause a big post-prandial extremum of blood sugar. It attacks the blood sugar extremum with the fastest bringing of insulin that can be practically achieved by pumping. SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPLICATION First and first, after being diagnosed as diabetic, some of them can non accept the fact and take some clip to mourn their loss. Some of them might fell depressed for illustration Katherine G who was diagnosed with diabetes and maintain inquiring what had I done incorrect? And wanted to thwack every overweight individual she saw ( 1 ) . They besides worried about the following coevals as Type 1 Diabetes is inherited and acquire stress believing about the complication of diabetes which cause them to utilize wheelchair because has no pess and besides being wheeled in order to utilize the dialysis machine. They may lose their ego regard to confront the universe. Some might be under force per unit area as they have to be strict on their nutrient consumption as they have to follow the diet for diabetic and they need to take a batch of medical specialty and besides injection. In order to acquire the intervention for diabetes, more money has to be disbursement as the pumpers are high in cost. Diabetes impacting the earning or active member of the household affects non merely that single but might frequently hold important consequence on the household. The economic load of diabetes is increasing as the epidemic grows. As per WHO estimates, diabetes drains a important per centum of the wellness budget by cost towards direct diabetes attention and diabetes related disablements. Diabetess associated complications account for 60 % of diabetes related direct wellness attention costs and about 80-90 % of indirect costs. In India, for illustration, the poorest people with diabetes spend an norm of 25 % of their income on private attention. The most that they can pay for are interventions that keep them alive by blunting the highest, rapidly fatal degrees of blood sugar. In 2007, the universe is estimated to pass at least USD 232 billion to handle and forestall dia betes and its complications. By 2025, this lower-bound estimation will transcend USD 302.5 billion ( 11 ) . BENEFIT AND RISK Advantages BEST hbA1c ‘s before the pumpBEST hbA1c ‘s utilizing the pump The graph shows the hbA1C degree before and after utilizing insulin pump. Beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.insulin-pumpers.org/about.shtml The degree of hbA1C lessenings with an norm of 6.3 after utilizing the insulin pump. So, it can take down the hazard of developing long-run complications for case shot, bosom disease, sightlessness, kidney failure and besides amputation. Pumpers have been shown to see lesser episodes of terrible hypoglycemia than those who take injections, including during the dark. Clinical surveies shown that utilizing fast moving insulin, the glucose control can be improved with less hazard of hypoglycemia. Furthermore, the pumper can maintain up-to-date with their day-to-day agenda. They are flexible to travel and free to make what they want for illustration they can maintain on the pump during exerting in the eventide. Insulin pumpers require an extract set alteration merely approximately three times a hebdomad, or 156 interpolations a twelvemonth but the injection can accomplish mean more than 1,400 injection per twelvemonth. Disadvantages An episode of diabetic diabetic acidosis aa‚ ¬ † province of unequal insulin degrees ensuing in high blood force per unit area and accretion of organic acids and ketones in the blood may take topographic point if the pumpers do non have sufficient sum of fast acting insulin for many hours. There is high hazard of infection if the catheter site of cannula has non been changed every three yearss and besides skin reactions such as roseolas may look at the site of cannula. This therapy is really expensive as pumps are high monetary values. By utilizing insulin therapy, the society might cognize that you have diabetes since this is one of the popular ways to bring around it ( 12 ) . Some of diabetic might develop film overing vision shortly after get downing insulin due to a alteration of lens refraction and it will rectify itself within two to three hebdomads ( 13 ) . ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS Diet for diabetics If diabetes people eat excessively much, diabetic control will deteriorate but if they eat excessively small, leads to hypoglycaemia. Carbohydrate must be taken in little sums for aged and sedentary but in big sum for active people like adolescents. This must be taken at chief repasts illustration breakfast, tiffin and dinner ( 13 ) . When taking on empty tummy, intoxicant can take down down the glucose degree. Diabetics should restrict saccharide in liquid signifier as they are quickly absorbed. Furthermore, they should extinguish all refined sugars and starches and must intake a batch of fibre-rich veggies and fruits in their diet. This is because fibers slow down glucose soaking up and prevent high glucose degrees after repasts. They must take protein and restricted ruddy meats and besides trans-fats. Saturated fats must be reduced and take a batch of bosom healthy mono-saturated fats and omega 3. Exerting Peoples, who exercise on a regular basis, when compared to those who do non exert, diminish their opportunity of developing diabetes by 30 to 50 % . Exercise aid by bettering the bodyaa‚ ¬a„?s to utilize insulin and causes cholesterin degree and blood force per unit area to drop ( 14 ) . Aerobic exercising Burnss Calories to assist in pull offing the weight, beef up the bosom and lungs and gives endurance. In other word, it improves the bodyaa‚ ¬a„?s ability to utilize insulin and prevent diabetes. We must make warm up and chill down earlier and after exerting. Take at least 20 proceedingss and three times a hebdomad to exercising. Furthermore exercising can increase the consumption of glucose by musculuss therefore increase in carbohydrate consumption. We must take adequate saccharide before exerting but overdose of saccharide will consequences in hyperglycemia. As diabetes, insulin must be sufficient before and after exercising because strenuous exercisi ng and deficient insulin will decline diabetic control ( 15 ) . Supplement vitamin and herbs Vitamin E helps fade out fresh coagulum in venas and cut down the O demand of tissue and cell. Furthermore, it besides helps to from new tegument ( in mending the ulcer and Burnss ) and increases the blood supply to weave, therefore reduces diabetes sphacelus and amputations. Vitamin E reduces the demand for insulin in 30 % of diabetes ( 16 ) . Biotin is B vitamin that maps in industry and usage of saccharide, fat and amino acids. It enhances insulin sensitiveness and increase the activity of enzyme glucokinase, enzyme responsible for the first measure in the usage of glucose in liver as this enzyme is low in diabetic. It besides helps in the intervention of diabetic neuropathy ( 17 ) . Evaluation

Eating Disorders: Mass Media and Its Influence on Body Image Essay

The influence and power of mass media in shaping perceptions about issues is uncontested. In the recent years however, there are questions being raised about the kind of information media, especially the commercial mass media, is feeding its viewers particularly those in their adolescence. More and more cases of eating disorders have surfaced in the latter years. More often than not, the victims of such disorders report that it was exposure and desire to be like the skinny models and celebrities that influenced them to diet, binge, purge and apply drastic measures such as surgery and starvation diets in order to lose weight. Just recently, Jennifer Love Hewitt made headlines when she hit out at criticisms of her weight after a not-so-flattering photo of her in a bikini surfaced on magazines and the Internet. Her statement â€Å"Size 2 is not fat! † has been welcomed and praised by other celebrities who feel that the media has been exerting undue pressure on women to be slim according to what are often unattainable standards (Slonim & Chiu, 2007). There are researchers who claim that the rising numbers of eating disorders among pre-teens and adolescents are caused by the continued portrayal of beauty as â€Å"thin† in media. It is according to researchers, this very portrayal of â€Å"thin† that fosters a trend of body dissatisfaction among women particularly those in their adolescence (Forbes, Doroszewicz, Card & Adams-Curtis, 2004). What is body image and why does it seem so important to people? Body image is defined as how individuals view and judge their own personal appearance (Morrison, Kalin & Morrison, 2004). This includes personal thoughts, feelings and behaviors directed towards one’s own body (Botta, 2003). This perception is further broken down into two types: the â€Å"body image evaluation† or the way a person critically evaluates his or her own physical appearance, and the â€Å"body image investment,† or the things that people do â€Å"to manage or enhance the way they look†(Morrison, Kalin & Morrison, 2004). People’s body images today run alongside perceptions of self-worth. If one doesn’t fit the stereotypical standard of beauty, it automatically makes an individual feel outcast and ugly. There are two ways by which media may affect a person’s perception of physical appearances in terms of weight: the first is by featuring thin and â€Å"beautiful† people/celebrities while the other is to feature conspicuously fat people who are often represented in comical situations (Harrison, 2000, p. 125). In the study conducted by Harrison in 2000, it was revealed that young adolescent girls who were exposed to media featuring stick thin celebrities experienced dissatisfaction with their own personal appearances. Those who were exposed to shows featuring conspicuously fat people showed an increased tendency toward eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia (pp137-138). What are eating disorders? Eating disorders refer to conditions describing a person’s food consumption behaviors that are considered â€Å"abnormal. † It covers whether people eat too much, or not at all including whether they practice purging after meals. The two most common eating disorders are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Anorexia Nervosa. The primary goal of people suffering from anorexia nervosa is to achieve maximum weight loss as possible (Palmer, 2003, p. ). It is important to take note that there is a difference between anorexia and anorexia nervosa. Anorexia pertains to a true reduction of hunger due to other factors such as illness or depression that thereby makes loss of appetite fairly normal and expected. The â€Å"nervosa† in anorexia nervosa is an indicator of a more complex relationship between a person’s eating behavior and the desire to lose weight (p. 6). People suffering from anorexia nervosa panic at any sign of weight gain and very often fail to realize just how abnormally skinny they are getting. Weight loss becomes compulsive. Each pound loss and food denied is a victory for people with anorexia nervosa. They are often given to obsessive dieting and exercise convinced that what little food they eat will turn them into obese slobs (Smith, 2004, p. 6) Bulimia Nervosa. Like Anorexia, the focus of Bulimia nervosa is as much weight loss as possible†¦the difference is that sufferers of Bulimia nervosa have discovered that they can lose more weight quickly if they immediately expel what food they have eaten. Bulimics also go through a series of â€Å"binge-and-purge† wherein they undergo periods of eating large amounts of food, then getting rid of it through purging (Farley, 1992). Purging is done through self-induced vomiting or the use of enemas and laxatives for forced evacuation. Often, bulimia nervosa comes soon after the onset of anorexia nervosa (p. 15). In contrast to the disorders associated with weight loss, there are also eating disorders where its sufferers do the opposite and eat compulsively. Binge Eating Disorder (BED). BED is demonstrated by a strong compulsion to eat without any restraint. Stress and strong emotions usually bring on these periods. Binge eaters usually feel dissatisfaction until they have answered the urge to eat. However, once having eaten, binge eaters often feel self-hate, shame and personal disgust leading to more depression (Palmer, 2003, p. 7). The integration of commerce, advertising and marketing in media also has its share of the blame in the way adolescents view their bodies. Famous actors and actresses have been employed in the promotion of various products from cigarettes to acne prevention treatments. Such move appeals to most adolescents who seek to emulate the image their â€Å"idols† project. While not all adolescents are susceptible to celebrity and body images projected by the media, those suffering from social and physical anxieties in addition to low self-esteem are often more vulnerable to being affected by body images present in the media. These people often end up having distorted views of their physical selves and are more prone to developing eating disorders (David & Johnson, 1998, p. 53). Emulation of a standard set by a beauty icon is not just limited to living and breathing celebrities. In fact one of the more famous icons that have been used to represent beauty and all the privileges that are perceived to come with it may be found in most young girls’ toy boxes. â€Å"Barbie,† the thin but curvaceous doll with the sparkling blue eyes, long blond hair, gorgeous tan and long legs so admired and desired by their human counter parts has always remained a favorite toy among young girls who often project their ambitions and life wishes onto Barbie as they play pretend. Little girls would brush Barbie’s silky blond hair and dress her up for her â€Å"dates† with the very handsome and muscular â€Å"Ken. † While â€Å"pretend play† is considered to be fairly normal and may even be considered â€Å"healthy† creativity-wise, there are times when the pretense is carried a bit far and extends beyond normal play to the point of crossing into real life. In December 2006, an article appeared in English newspaper the Daily Mail telling of an interview with â€Å"Human Barbie† Sarah Burge (â€Å"I’m the Human Barbie,† 2006, p. 22). In it, Sarah admitted to having had about 26 plastic surgery procedures within the twenty years costing approximately GBP 180,000, even candidly stating that in her whole body, only her feet remained in their â€Å"virgin† state. When asked what she thinks of the label â€Å"human Barbie† Sarah just beans with pride. â€Å"‘I find it extremely flattering,’ she says. ‘Barbie is very beautiful, glamorous and fun. What woman wouldn’t want to be all those things? ‘† (â€Å"p. 22) Burge also goes to point out the additional connection of her being born in the same year the Mattel Company launched the Barbie doll. Tom Knott (1997,p. 2) of the Washington Times probably best sums up the nice but mostly unrealistic and unattainable qualities of Barbie that have been the envy and ambition of females young and old alike: Barbie has had it all for 38 years: the great looks and body, plus the devotion of the equally flawless Ken. It has been a zit-free run. Nothing bad ever happened to Barbie. She did not develop complexion problems. She did not gain weight. She did not start to sag. She did not wake up to find facial hair on her upper lip. She looked as good in the morning as she did at night. Knott, 1997, p. 2) Botta (2003) explains that the problem lies in the fact that women are judged for thinness while men’s masculinity is measured against a rising cultural ideal stereotype of â€Å"V-shaped† muscularity. Botta further states that the connection between exposure to women’s and men’s â€Å"health and fitness† magazines to increasing body dissatisfaction and cases of eating disorders among its readers have already been proven by several studies (Andersen & DiDomenico, 1992; Nemeroff, Stein, Diehl, & Smilack, 1994, Levine, Smolak & Hayden, 1994). Botta, 2003) In addition to these, Botta decries the irony in all these studies was that of all the types of magazines used in the studies, it was the health magazines that presented more stimulus and inducements for their readers to do more body harm. For boys, reading was linked to increased muscularity, which means that the more time they spent reading health/fitness magazines, the more they intended to or took pills and supplements in order to gain muscle and the more committed they were to being muscular. For girls, health/fitness magazine reading was linked to a stronger drive to be thin and to increased anorexic and bulimic intentions and behaviors such as vomiting, abusing laxatives, and fasting. (Botta, 2003) Conclusion Adolescence is well known to be a fragile and confusing phase that everybody has to go through. In seeking to fit in with their peers as well as have an image that is acceptable to all, it is not unusual for young people to try and attain qualities that will make them attractive personally and socially to other people. The idea of beauty with all its accompanying privileges is not a new one. Neither is the fact that people will try to copy or emulate others whom they feel are everything they would want to be. It is a fact that marketers and advertisers are paid to make their wares attractive in whatever way possible. It is also another fact that media survives and makes money through the patronization of advertisers. However, there must and should be a point where the responsibility towards the audience especially those who do not sufficiently possess proper discernment must be factored into the equation. In the recent years, reports of fashion models that have died due to some eating disorder abound. There have been steps to ban stick thin models from the runway, a ban that is yet to be implemented by all the major fashion houses. Young and highly impressionable children are often plopped in front of the television often without any supervision. If adolescents can be so easily swayed by exposure to media, what more of these young kids? Already, news reports of children as young as seven being treated for eating disorders have surfaced (â€Å"Girl of Seven in Diet Danger,† 2006) It is frightening the way â€Å"0† can actually be considered a dress size. Even more frightening when media portrays thin celebrities as â€Å"beautiful† and leading glamorous, exciting lives. What person, young or old, would not want that? Currently however, the way that even celebrities who used to be the standard by which beauty is judged are now facing harsh criticism from their contemporaries is alarming in more ways than one. If celebrities who can afford high priced professional trainers, diets, gym memberships and plastic surgery can still be adjudged negatively, what more of those who do not have access or simply cannot afford all these â€Å"beauty aids†?

The Greatest Technological Advancement of the 20th Century essays

The Greatest Technological Advancement of the 20th Century essays I believe the greatest technological advancement in the 20th century is the internet. I think this for many reasons, for example: it links the world in a way that phones couldnt, it has information that is easy to access, and you can buy items at the last minute a lot faster than you could without the internet. I think the internet is the greatest technological advancement because it links the world in ways the phone couldnt. For example, many of my cousins live in India. It is very expensive to call them and talk for a long time but, thanks to the internet, we can talk online. Also, you can even see them with a web cam! I dont think that you could do that on a phone, but you can do that on the internet! Another reason why I believe the internet is the greatest technological advancement is because you can access information in the convenience of your own home. It is just like the library, but more updated information. When you go to the library, you sit there and take notes out of books. If they arent reference books, youll probably even check them out. Then, you lug them out to the car or maybe even walk home. By the time you get done, its too dark to go outside. With the internet you can get even more accurate information. Then, when you take notes you can organize them on the computer. My third and final reason why the internet is the greatest technological advancement is because you can buy stuff off the internet. There are many items you can buy on the internet. You can buy things for amusement like: movies, games, books, and you can download music. You can also buy items for travel like: plane tickets, train tickets, amusement park tickets, or even cruise tickets. With the internet, you can buy tickets at the last minute for cheaper rates. For example, if you wanted to go to California tomorrow, you could book your ticket on the internet for a cheaper. If you had to call th ...

Understanding the 4 Writing Styles How to Identify and Use Them

Understanding the 4 Writing Styles How to Identify and Use Them SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips A piece’s writing style can help you figure out what kind of writing it is, what its purpose is, and how the author’s voice is unique.With so many different types of writing, you may think it’s difficult to figure out the specific writing style of a piece or you'll need to search through a long list of writing styles. However, there are actually just four main types of writing styles, and together they cover practically all the writing you see, from textbooks to novels, to billboards and more. Whether you’re studying writing styles for class or trying to develop your own writing style and looking for information, we’ve got you covered. In this guide, we explain the four styles of writing, provide examples for each one, go over the one thing you need to know to identify writing style, and give tips to help you develop your own unique style of writing. The 4 Types of Writing There are four main different styles of writing. We discuss each of them below, list where you’re likely to see them, and include an example so you can see for yourself what each of the writing styles looks like. Narrative Writers who use the narrative style are telling a story with a plot and characters. It’s the most common writing style for fiction, although nonfiction can also be narrative writing as long as its focus is on characters, what they do, and what happens to them. Common Places You’d See Narrative Writing Novels Biography or autobiography Poetry Short stories Journals or diaries Example â€Å"We had luncheon in the dining-room, darkened too against the heat, and drank down nervous gayety with the cold ale. ‘What’ll we do with ourselves this afternoon?’ cried Daisy, ‘and the day after that, and the next thirty years?’ ‘Don’t be morbid,’ Jordan said. ‘Life starts all over again when it gets crisp in the fall.’ ‘But it’s so hot,’ insisted Daisy, on the verge of tears, ‘and everything’s so confused. Let’s all go to town!’ -The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald You can quickly tell that this passage from the novel The Great Gatsby is an example of narrative writing because it has the two key traits: characters and a plot. The group is discussing eating and drinking while trying to decide what to do for the rest of the day. As in this example, narrative writing often has extended dialogue scenes since the dialogue is used to move the plot along and give readers greater insight into the characters. Expository Writers use the expository style when they are trying to explain a concept. Expository writing is fact-based and doesn’t include the author’s opinions or background. It’s basically giving facts from the writer to the reader. Common Places You’d See Expository Writing Newspaper articles Academic journals Business memos Manuals for electronics Textbooks Recipes How-to books and articles Example â€Å"The 1995/1996 reintroduction of gray wolves (Canis lupus) into Yellowstone National Park after a 70 year absence has allowed for studies of tri-trophic cascades involving wolves, elk (Cervus elaphus), and plant species such as aspen (Populus tremuloides), cottonwoods (Populus spp.), and willows (Salix spp.). To investigate the status of this cascade, in September of 2010 we repeated an earlier survey of aspen and measured browsing and heights of young aspen in 97 stands along four streams in the Lamar River catchment of the park’s northern winter range. We found that browsing on the five tallest young aspen in each stand decreased from 100% of all measured leaders in 1998 to means of 25% in the uplands and 20% in riparian areas by 2010. Correspondingly, aspen recruitment (i.e., growth of seedlings/sprouts above the browse level of ungulates) increased as browsing decreased over time in these same stands.† -†Trophic cascades in Yellowstone: The first 15 years after wolf reintroduction† by William J. Ripple and Robert L. Beschta This abstract from an academic journal article is clearly expository because it only focuses on facts. The authors aren’t giving their opinion of wolves of Yellowstone, they’re not telling a story about the wolves, and the only descriptions are number of trees, streams, etc. so readers can understand the study better. Because expository writing is focused on facts, without any unnecessary details or stories, the writing can sometimes feel dense and dry to read. Descriptive Descriptive writing is, as you may guess, when the author describes something. The writer could be describing a place, person, or an object, but descriptive writing will always include lots of details so the reader can get a clear and complete idea of what is being written about. Common Places You’d See Descriptive Writing Journals or diaries Poetry Fiction passages that describe something Example â€Å"In a hole in the ground there lived a hobbit. Not a nasty, dirty, wet hole, filled with the ends of worms and an oozy smell, nor yet a dry, bare sandy hole with nothing in it to sit down on or eat: it was a hobbit hole and that means comfort. It had a perfectly round door like a porthole, painted green, with a shiny yellow brass knob in the exact middle. The door opened on to a tube-shaped hall like a tunnel: a very comfortable tunnel without smoke, with panelled walls, and floors tiled and carpeted...† - The Hobbit by J.R.R. Tolkien This is the opening passage of the novel The Hobbit. While The Hobbit is primarily an example of narrative writing, since it explores the adventures of the hobbit and his companions, this scene is definitely descriptive. There is no plot or action going on in this passage; the point is to explain to readers exactly what the hobbit’s home looks like so they can get a clear picture of it while they read. There are lots of details, including the color of the door and exactly where the doorknob is placed. You won’t often find long pieces of writing that are purely descriptive writing, since they’d be pretty boring to read (nothing would happen in them), instead many pieces of writing, including The Hobbit, will primarily be one of the other writing styles with some descriptive writing passages scattered throughout. Persuasive When you’re trying to persuade the reader to think a certain way or do a certain thing, you’ll use persuasive writing to try to convince them.Your end goal could be to get the reader to purchase something you’re selling, give you a job, give an acquaintance of yours a job, or simply agree with your opinion on a topic. Common Places You’d See Persuasive Writing Advertisements Cover letters Opinion articles/letters to the editor Letters of recommendation Reviews of books/movies/restaurants etc. Letter to a politician Example â€Å"What General Weygand called the Battle of France is over. I expect that the battle of Britain is about to begin. Upon this battle depends the survival of Christian civilization. Upon it depends our own British life, and the long continuity of our institutions and our Empire. The whole fury and might of the enemy must very soon be turned on us. Hitler knows that he will have to break us in this island or lose the war. If we can stand up to him, all Europe may be free and the life of the world may move forward into broad, sunlit uplands. But if we fail, then the whole world, including the United States, including all that we have known and cared for, will sink by the lights of perverted science. Let us therefore brace ourselves to our duties, and so bear ourselves, that if the British Empire and its Commonwealth last for a thousand years, men will still say, ‘This was their finest hour.’ - â€Å"This was their finest hour† by Winston Churchill In this excerpt from his famous â€Å"Their finest hour† speech, Prime Minister Winston Churchill is clearing trying to convince his audience to see his viewpoint, and he lays out the actions he thinks they should take. In this case, Churchill is speaking to the House of Commons (knowing many other British people would also hear the speech), and he’s trying to prepare the British for the coming war and convince them how important it is to fight. He emphasizes how important the fight will be (â€Å"Upon this battle depends the survival of the Christian civilization.† and clearly spells out what he thinks his audience should do (â€Å"Let us therefore brace ourselves to our duties†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). Common Writing Styles to Know Each of the four main types of writing styles has multiple subsets of styles within it. Here are nine of the most common and important types of writing you’ll see. Narrative Writing Character Voice Character voice is a common writing style in novels. Instead of having an unknown narrator, the audience knows who is telling the story. This first-person narrator can help the reader relate more both to the narrator and the storyline since knowing who is telling a story can help the reader feel more connected to it. Sometimes the narrator is completely truthful in telling what happens, while other times they are an unreliable narrator and will mislead or outright lie to readers to make themselves look better. To Kill a Mockingbird (Scout is the narrator) and The Hunger Games (Katniss is the narrator) are two examples of this writing style. Stream-of-Consciousness This writing style attempts to emulate the thought process of the character. Instead of only writing about what the character says or does, stream-of-consciousness will include all or most of the characters thoughts, even if they jump from one topic to another randomly or include incomplete thoughts. For example, rather than writing â€Å"I decided to take a walk to the ice cream shop,† an author using the stream-of-consciousness writing style could write, â€Å"It’s pretty hot out, and I feel like I should eat something, but I’m not really that hungry. I wonder if we have leftovers of the burgers Mom made last night? Is Mom staying late at work tonight? I can’t remember if she said. Ice cream would be a good choice, and not too filling. I can’t drive there though because my car is still in for repairs. Why is the repair shop taking so long? I should have listened when David said to check for reviews online before choosing a place. I should text David later to see how he is. He’ll think I’m mad at him if I don’t. I guess I’ll just have to walk to the shop.† James Joyce and William Faulkner are two of the most well-known writers to have regularly used the stream-of-consciousness writing style. Epistolary Epistolary writing uses a series of documents, such as letters, diary entries, newspaper articles, or even text messages to tell a story. They don’t have a narrator, there’s just whoever purportedly gathered the documents together. This writing style can provide different points of view because a different person can be the author of each document. Well-known examples of epistolary writing include the novels Dracula (written as a series of letters, newspaper articles, and diary entries) and Frankenstein (written as a series of letters). Expository Writing Academic You’ll find this style in textbooks or academic journal articles. It’ll focus on teaching a topic or discussing an experiment,be heavy on facts, and include any sources it cited to get the information. Academic writing often assumes some previous knowledge of the topic and is more focused on providing information than being entertaining, which can make it difficult to read and understand at times. Business Business writing refers to the writing done in a workplace. It can include reports, memos, and press releases. Business writing typically has a formal tone and standard formatting rules.Because employees are presumably very busy at work, business writing is very concise and to the point, without any additional flourishes intended to make the writing more interesting. Journalism You’ll see this writing style most commonly in newspaper articles. It focuses on giving the facts in a concise, clear, and easy-to-understand way. Journalists often try to balance covering all the key facts, keeping their articles brief, and making the audience interested in the story. Technical This writing style is used to give information to people in a specific field, such as an explanation of a new computer programming system to people who work in software, a description of how to install pipes within a house for plumbers, or a guide to new gene modifications for microbiologists. Technical writing is highly specialized for a certain occupational field. It assumes a high level of knowledge on the topic, and it focuses on sharing large amounts of information with the reader. If you’re not in that field, technical writing can be nearly impossible to understand because of the jargon and references to topics and facts you likely don’t know. Descriptive Writing Poetry Poetry is one of the most challenging styles of writing to define since it can come in many forms.In general, poems use rhythmic language and careful word choice to express an idea.A poem can be an example of descriptive writing or narrative writing, depending on whether it’s describing something or telling a story.Poetry doesn’t need to rhyme, and it often won’t follow standard grammatical or structural rules. Line breaks can, and often do, occur in the middle of sentences. Persuasive Writing Copywriting Copywriting is writing that is done for advertising or marketing purposes. It’s attempting to get the reader to buy whatever the writer is trying to sell. Examples of copywriting include catalogs, billboards, ads in newspapers or magazines, and social media ads. In an attempt to get the reader to spend their money, copywriters may use techniques such as descriptive language (â€Å"This vanilla was harvested from the lush and exotic island of Madagascar"), exciting language (Stop what you’re doing and learn about this new product that will transform your life!†) and exaggeration (â€Å"This is the best cup of coffee you will ever taste!†). Opinion People write opinion pieces for the purpose of stating their beliefs on a certain topic and to try to get readers to agree with them. You can see opinion pieces in newspaper opinion sections, certain blog posts, and some social media posts. The quality of opinion writing can vary widely. Some papers or sites will only publish opinion pieces if all the facts in them can be backed up by evidence, but other opinion pieces, especially those that are self-published online, don't go through any fact-checking process and can include inaccuracies and misinformation. What If You’re Unsure of a Work’s Writing Style? If you’re reading a piece of writing and are unsure of its main writing style, how can you figure which style it is?The best method is to think about what the purpose or main idea of the writing is. Each of the four main writing styles has a specific purpose: Descriptive: to describe things Expository: to give facts Narrative: to tell a story Persuasive: to convince the reader of something Here’s an example of a passage with a somewhat ambiguous writing style: â€Å"I walked down alone Sunday after church To the place where John has been cutting trees To see for myself about the birch He said I could have to brush my peas. The sun in the new-cut narrow gap Was hot enough for the first of May, And stifling hot with the odor of sap From stumps still bleeding their life away. The frogs that were peeping a thousand shrill Wherever the ground was low and wet, The minute they heard my step went still To watch me and see what I came to get. Birch boughs enough piled everywhere!- All fresh and sound from the recent axe. Time someone came with cart and pair And got them off the wild flower’s backs.† - Pea Brush by Robert Frost It can be tricky to determine the writing style of many poems since poetry is so varied and can fit many styles. For this poem, you might at first think it has a narrative writing style, since it begins with a narrator mentioning a walk he took after church. Character + plot = narrative writing style, right? Before you decide, you need to read the entire passage. Once you do, it’ll become clear that there really isn’t much narrative. There’s a narrator, and he’s taking a walk to get a birch from another man, but that’s about all we have for character development and plot. We don’t know anything about the narrator or his friend’s personality, what’s going to happen next, what his motivations are, etc. The poem doesn’t devote any space to that, instead, the majority of the lines are spent describing the scene. The narrator mentions the heat, scent of sap, the sound of frogs, what the ground is like, etc. It’s clear that, since the majority of the piece is dedicated to describing the scene, this is an example of descriptive writing. How Can You Develop Your Own Writing Style? A distinctive writing style is one of the hallmarks of a good writer, but how can you develop your own? Below are four tips to follow. Read Many Different Styles of Writing If you don’t read lots of different kinds of writing, you won’t be able to write in those styles, so before you try to get your own writing style, read different writing styles than what you’re used to.This doesn’t mean that, if you mostly read novels, you suddenly need to shift to reading computer manuals. Instead, you can try to read novels that use unreliable narrators, stream-of-consciousness writing, etc. The more you read, the more writing styles you’ll be exposed to, and the easier it’ll be able to combine some of those into your own writing style. Consider Combining Multiple Types of Writing Styles There’s no rule that you can only use one style for a piece of writing. In fact, many longer works will include multiple styles. A novel may be primarily narrative, but it can also contain highly descriptive passages as well as expository parts when the author wants the readers to understand a new concept. However, make sure you don’t jump around too much. A paper or book that goes from dense academic text to impassioned plea for a cause to a story about your childhood and back again will confuse readers and make it difficult for them to understand the point you’re trying to make. Find a Balance Between Comfort and Boundary-Pushing You should write in a style that feels natural to you, since that will be what comes most easily and what feels most authentic to the reader. An academic who never ventures outside the city trying to write a book from the perspective of a weathered, unschooled cowboy may end up with writing that seems fake and forced. A great way to change up your writing and see where it can be improved is to rewrite certain parts in a new writing style.If you’ve been writing a novel with narrative voice, change a few scenes to stream-of-consciousness, then think about how it felt to be using that style and if you think it improved your writing or gave you any new ideas. If you’re worried that some writing you did is dull and lacking depth, add in a few passages that are purely descriptive and see if they help bring the writing to life. You don’t always need to do this, and you don’t need to keep the new additions in what you wrote, but trying new things will help you get a better idea of what you want your own style to be like. The best way to develop your own writing style is to expose yourself to numerous types of writing, both through reading and writing. As you come into contact with more writing styles and try them out for yourself, you’ll naturally begin to develop a writing style that you feel comfortable with. Summary: The 4 Different Styles of Writing There are four main writing styles, and each has a different purpose: Descriptive: to describe things Expository: to give facts Narrative: to tell a story Persuasive: to convince the reader of something If you’re struggling to figure out the writing style of a piece, ask yourself what its purpose is and why the author wants you to read it. To develop your own writing style, you should: Read widely Consider mixing styles Balance writing what you know and trying new things What's Next? Literary devices are also an important part of understanding writing styles. Learn the 24 literary devices you must know by reading our guide on literary devices. Writing a research paper for school but not sure what to write about?Our guide to research paper topics has over 100 topics in ten categories so you can be sure to find the perfect topic for you. Are you readingThe Great Gatsby for class or even just for fun?Then you'll definitely want to check out our expert guides on the biggest themes in this classic book, from love and relationships to money and materialism.